西藏入侵害虫的来源及防控策略

Sources and prevention and control strategies of invasive pests in Tibet

西藏不仅面临境外有害生物入侵的风险,同时也面临境内入侵更大的风险,更为严重的危害。初步调查西藏农业入侵昆虫有200种余种,确认其中34种危害严重,造成的经济损失达6亿元以上。70年来,西藏入侵有害昆虫危害已经超越了本土有害昆虫,对于农业、林业、果树、蔬菜等发展造成很大影响。本文探讨了西藏农业重大有害入侵昆虫的来源、途径及确认依据,提出加强进口检疫,加强就地育苗力度,加强入侵有害昆虫调查与防控技术等研究,是降低入侵风险,确保西藏农业生产和生态建设安全的根本办法。

Tibet is not only at risk of overseas pest incursions,but also facing the greater risk of domestic pest incursions with more serious hazards.An initial investigation with over 200 species of agricultural invasive insects in Tibet confirmed 34 serious harm insects,which caused an economic loss of over 600 million yuan.Over the past 70 years,the hazards caused by invasive insect of Tibetan have overtaken the native harmful insects of that,which is a great impact on the development of agriculture,forestry,fruit tree and vegetable,etc.In this paper,we explored the sources,routes,and confirmation the basis of major agricultural invasive insects in Tibet.And then,we proposed that the import quarantine,in situ nursery efforts,and the techniques of investigations and prevention of invading harmful insect should be strengthened,which are not only important strategies to reduce the risk of invasion,but also the fundamental approach to ensure security in agricultural production and ecological construction in Tibet.