基于GIS和SBE法的桂林国家森林公园冬季视觉景观评价与优化研究

Winter Visual Landscape Evaluation and Optimization of the Guilin National Forest Park Based on GIS and SBE Method

以桂林国家森林公园冬季主要视觉景观为研究对象,遵循主客观相结合的研究思路,综合运用ArcGIS空间分析和美景度法,评价获取客观景观视觉敏感度和主观美景度评分,采用重要性-表现分析法,构建景观视觉敏感度-美景度矩阵,将桂林国家森林公园视觉景观点划分为4类区域并提出相应的视觉景观保护、规划管理建议。结果表明,各景观点中星空露营基地景观视觉综合敏感度值最高(2.558)、万松叠翠最低(1.794),疏影寻梅美景度最高(1.800)、浣溪叠石最低(0.060);疏影寻梅、星空露营基地、沙河水库位于敏感度、美景度双高的“视觉景观关键区”,清风竹影属于敏感度低、美景度高的“自然发展区”,寻远通幽、环翠迎宾、浣溪叠石处于敏感度高、美景度低的“优先改进区”,万松叠翠、明月松间、观林亭处于敏感度、美景度双低的“次优先改进区”。该研究一方面为桂林国家森林公园视觉景观保护与利用提供科学依据,另一方面为森林公园视觉景观综合评价和优化提供新思路。

Taking the main visual landscapes of the Guilin National Forest Park in winter as the research objects,following the combination of subjective and objective research ideas,the comprehensive application of ArcGIS spatial analysis and scenic beauty estimation(SBE)method were used to evaluate and obtain the objective visual sensitivity and subjective SBE score of the landscapes.The importance-performance analysis(IPA)method was adopted to construct the landscape visual sensitivity-SBE matrix.The visual landscape sites of the park were divided into four types of areas,and corresponding suggestions on visual landscape protection and planning management were put forward.The results showed that among all landscape sites,the comprehensive visual sensitivity of"Starry Campground"was the highest(2.558),"Pine Overlapping"was the lowest(1.794),the SBE score of"Shuyingxunmei"was the highest(1.800),and"Huan Creek Stacked Stone"was the lowest(0.060)."Shuyingxunmei","Starry Campground"and"Shahe Reservoir"were located in the key visual landscape areas with high sensitivity and beauty degree."Qingfeng Bamboo Shadow"belonged to the naturally developed areas with low sensitivity and high beauty degree."The forest trail","Entrance Landscape"and"Huan Creek Stacked Stone"were in the areas with high sensitivity and low beauty degree,which needed to be improved in priority."Pine Overlapping"."Mingyue Pine"and"Forest Pavilion"were the secondary priority improvement areas with low sensitivity and beauty degree.This study provides scientific basis for the protection and utilization of the visual landscape of the Guilin National Forest Park,on the other hand,it proposes a new idea for the comprehensive evaluation and optimization of the visual landscapes of forest park.