长梁类整体结构件加工过程变形稳定性控制

Stability control for machining distortion of monolithic beam components

加工变形一直是困扰航空制造业的一个严重问题。文章以航空长梁类零件为研究对象,分析了由材料内部初始残余应力引起的弯曲能量的演变,定义了加工变形稳定性和弯曲势能指标,提出了一种通过优化材料去除顺序来控制变形稳定性的方法。最后,采用实例进行理论分析、仿真分析和加工试验验证。结果表明,通过优化材料去除顺序,零件精加工阶段变形稳定性显著提高。

Machining distortion has always been a serious problem perplexing the aviation manufacturing industry.Taking the long beam parts as the research object,this paper analysed the evolution of bending energy caused by the initial residual stress in the material,defined the indexes of machining distortion stability and bending potential energy,and put forward a method to control the distortion stability by optimizing the release of bending potential energy.The results of theoretical analysis,simulation and machining test show that the stability of machining distortion in finishing stage can be significantly improved by optimizing the material removal sequence.