张大千异域体验及其后期绘画艺术思想的转变

ZHANG Daqian’s Experiences in Foreign Lands and the Transformation of His Late-period Artistic Ideas in Painting

关于张大千后期的绘画艺术思想,很多学者都将其放在“影响”研究之下,如西方的光影、构图、色彩等元素对张大千后期画作的影响等。张大千这一时期的画作不能仅仅理解为一种异质文化对其原有文化艺术的“影响”“输入”或者“添加”。需要更为重视的是张大千本人的主体心理以及艺术需求,即有从本土需要出发吸纳异域的思想与资源,也有在异域体验激活下创造主体自我生命的体验与表达,以及异域体验之后本土的验证,在他乡构建了一个画中的故乡。

Regarding ZHANG Daqian’s late-period artistic ideas,many scholars focus on the study of“influences”,such as the influence of the Western elements like light,shadow,composition,and colors on ZHANG’s paintings of his later-period creation.The artworks of ZHANG during this period cannot be simply understood as an“influence”,“input”,or“addition”of heterogeneous cultures to his original culture and art.It requires a greater emphasis on ZHANG’s subjective psychology and artistic needs.Namely,he absorbed thoughts and resources from foreign lands based on his local demands.He not only activated the experiences and expressions of his own subjective life through the experiences in foreign lands,but also validated them in his homeland after the foreign encounters.As a result,he constructed a homeland within his paintings in foreign lands.