谈反义词“安”“危”的不对称性

The Asymmetry of An and Wei,Antonyms in Chinese

“安”与“危”是一组反义词,但二者在使用中却存在着不对称现象。从具体考察来看,“安”“危”的不对称性主要体现在义项、词法、句法及语义场四个层面。基于此,在分析“安”“危”不对称表现的同时,阐释“安”“危”不对称现象形成的原因,以期对对外汉语教学、辞书编纂及反义词的使用贡献一份微薄力量。

An(safe安)and wei(dangerous危)form a pair of antonyms,but they exhibit asymmetry in their usage.Through a detailed investigation,this asymmetry is found to manifest in four aspects:senses,lexicology,syntax,and semantic fields.By analyzing the asymmetrical characteristics of an safe and wei dangerous,this study aims to elucidate the reasons behind this asymmetry,with the hope of contributing to the field of teaching Chinese as a foreign language,dictionary compilation related to Chinese,and the use of antonyms in Chinese.