写本原生态视角下的联边诗《送远还通达》研究

A Study of the Poem Songyuan Huan Tongda with the Same Chinese Chacter Component from a Pespective of Original Ecology

敦煌文献中所存一首联边诗——《送远还通达》,前辈学者论著中多以“杂抄”命名。而通过联系《送远还通达》写本的同抄内容等进行整理分析,可知《送远还通达》不单是戏作游戏诗,还有希望君子立志高远,远行顺利通达的深意在其中。这首诗的抄写年代约在8-10世纪归义军统治时期,主要传抄于寺学之中,而在舍邑、婚仪等社会场所之中亦有其身影,反映了晚唐五代时期敦煌地区寺学对敦煌教育、社会生活的影响。同时,由于联边的体式,其被学郎文人等视作书法练笔的作品,具有一定的书法教育价值;此诗或类似作品又见于长沙窑瓷器、徽州民间招魂幡、安徽黄山西递村胡氏古宅的对联,为多地区之间的文化交流提供了实证。

As a poem of Chinese characters with the same component preserved in Dunhuang literature,Songyuan Huan Tongda(送远还通达)is often named after“miscellaneous copies”in the records of previous scholars.By analyzing the content of the copies of Songyuan Huan Tongda in the written version,it can be concluded that Songyuan Huan Tongda is not only a poem for fun,but also a work that hopes that gentlemen can aspire to high ideals and travel smoothly.The transcription of this poem dates back to the period of the rule of Guiyi Army(the army aligning with justice)in Dunhuang from 8th to 10th centuries.It was mainly copied in temples and schools,and also appeared in other places,such as residential areas and wedding ceremonies,reflecting the influence upon education and social life in Dunhuang during the late Tang and Five Dynasties Periods.At the same time,due to the style of the same component,it is regarded as a calligraphy practice by students and scholars,and has certain value in calligraphy studying.This poem or similar works can also be seen the couplets on the porcelain from Changsha kilns,on the banners for soul calling by common Chinese people in Huizhou,and on the HU’s ancient house in Xidi Village,Mount Huangshan,Anhui Province.The evidence for cultural exchanges between multiple regions is found.