基于3D打印技术的腰椎间盘突出症康复支具的临床应用初步观察

Preliminary observation on the clinical application of rehabilitation support for lumbar disc herniation based on 3D printing technology

目的:分析3D打印个性化腰椎支具对腰椎间盘突出症患者腰部疼痛及腰椎功能的改善效果。方法:选取2018年10月至2021年5月收治的初次确诊为腰椎间盘突出症60例患者,将其分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。其中观察组男18例,女12例;年龄24~56(45.23±6.07)岁;病程1~24(6.25±0.82)个月,佩戴3D打印个性化腰椎支具实施康复治疗;对照组男19例,女11例;年龄25~57(42.78±7.58)岁;病程1~24(6.72±1.36)个月,佩戴传统腰椎护具实施康复治疗。分别于治疗前及治疗1个疗程(3周)后采用日本骨科协会(Japanese Orthopaedic Association,JOA)评分评估治疗效果,比较两组腰椎Oswestry功能障碍指数(Oswestry disability index,ODI)及视觉模拟评分(visual analogue scale,VAS)。结果:治疗前两组JOA、ODI、VAS比较,差异均无统计学意义(P>0.05)。治疗1个疗程(3周)后,两组JOA评分与治疗前比较均有提高(P<0.05),ODI、VAS与治疗前比较均有降低(P<0.05);观察组治疗后JOA评分高于对照组(P<0.05),ODI、VAS低于对照组(P<0.05)。两组均无不良事件发生。结论:应用3D打印个性化腰椎支具能够有效减轻腰椎间盘突出症患者的疼痛,改善患者腰椎功能。

Objective To analyze the important effect of 3D printing personalized lumbar support on lumbar pain and lumbar function in patients with lumbar disc herniation.Methods From October 2018 to May 2021,60 patients initially diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group,with 30 patients in each group.Among them,there were 18 males and 12 females in the observation group;the age ranged from 24 to 56 years old,with an average of(45.23±6.07)years old.The course of disease ranged from 1 to 24 months,with an average of(6.25±0.82)months,and rehabilitation treatment was carried out by wearing 3D printed personalized lumbar support.There were 19 males and 11 females in the control group;the age ranged from 25 to 57 years old,with an average of(42.78±7.58)years old.The course of disease ranged from 1 to 24 months,with an average of(6.72±1.36)months,and rehabilitation treatment is carried out by wearing traditional lumbar protective equipment.The Japanese Orthopaedic Association(JOA)scores,lumbar Oswestry dysfunction index(ODI)and visual analogue scale(VAS)were evaluated and compared between the two groups before and 1 course after treatment(3 weeks).Results There was no statistically significant difference in JOA,ODI,and VAS between two groups before treatment(P>0.05).After one course of treatment(3 weeks),JOA scores of both groups was increased compared to before treatment(P<0.05),while ODI and VAS decreased compared to before treatment(P<0.05).After treatment,JOA score of observation group was higher than that of control group(P<0.05),while ODI and VAS scores were lower than those of control group.No adverse events occurred in both groups.Conclusion The application of 3D printing personalized lumbar support can effectively alleviate the pain of patients with lumbar disc herniation and improve their lumbar function of patients.