“实验”内涵的演变及其教育启示

Connotation evolution of experiment and its educational enlightenment

实验在物理教学中一直备受重视.在不同的语境之下,“实验”一词有着不同的含义.采用定量研究的方法,对中学物理课程标准中“实验”一词的含义进行了深入分析.结果表明:“实验”可以被理解为“实验室活动、实践活动”“教学法”“课程内容”“科学探究”等多种含义,并且在不同时期对“实验”的理解和使用呈现出不同的特点.在物理教育中,深入了解“实验”的多重意蕴,有利于全面发挥物理实验的教育价值,有效提升学生的核心素养.

Physics teaching has always been attaching great importance to experiment.In different contexts,the word experiment has different meanings.This paper mainly adopted the method of quantitative research to analyze deeply the meaning of experiment in Chinese middle school physics curriculum standard.The results showed that experiment could be understood as laboratory activities,practical activities,teaching method,curriculum content,scientific inquiry,where understanding and using experiment in different periods has shown different characteristics.In physics education,a deeper understanding of the multiple meanings of experiment was conducive to giving full play to the educational value of physics experiments and enhancing the core literacy of students.