父母消极教养方式和网络成瘾:气质性乐观和性别的调节作用

Moderation of dispositional optimism in the relationship between negative parenting style and Internet addiction among college students

目的:根据个体-环境交互作用理论,探究父母消极教养方式和大学生网络成瘾的关系,考察气质性乐观和性别在二者关系中的调节作用。方法:采用父母教养方式中文修订版(EMBU-CR)、生活定向测验(LOT-R)和中国网络成瘾量表修订版(CIAS-R),对来自4所高校的1288名大学生进行调查。结果:父母消极教养方式和网络成瘾显著正相关(r=0.28,P<0.001),气质性乐观与父母消极教养方式(r=-0.36,P<0.001)和网络成瘾(r=-0.23,P<0.001)显著负相关,气质性乐观和性别在父母消极教养方式和大学生网络成瘾之间的关系中起调节作用。低气质性乐观大学生的父母消极教养方式对网络成瘾的影响(β=0.30,95%置信区间为[0.23,0.37])高于高气质性乐观大学生(β=0.12,95%置信区间为[0.03,0.20])。性别在父母拒绝和网络成瘾的关系中起调节作用(β=-0.13,t=-2.30,P<0.05),而性别在父母过度保护和网络成瘾关系中的调节作用不显著(β=0.01,t=0.02,P>0.05)。结论:父母消极教养方式预测大学生网络成瘾,气质性乐观可以缓冲父母消极教养方式对网络成瘾的影响。

Objective:According to the theory of individual-environment interaction,the study investigates the relationship between negative parenting style and Internet addiction among college students,and examines the moderating effect of dispositional optimism and gender in the relationship between negativeparenting style and Internet addiction.Methods:Negative parenting style,dispositional optimism and Internet addiction were examined among 1288 college students from 4 universities with EMBU-CR,LOT-R,and CIAS-R.Results:There was a significantly positive correlation between negative parenting style and Internet addiction(r=0.28,P<0.001),and dispositional optimism was negatively correlated with negative parenting style(r=-0.36,P<0.001)and Internet addiction(r=-0.23,P<0.001).Negative parenting style and dispositional optimism affected Internet addiction.Dispositional optimism and gender moderated the relationship between parenting style and Internet addiction.The association between negative parenting style and Internet addiction was higher for college students with low dispositional optimistic(β=0.30,95%CI[0.23,0.37])than that with high dispositional optimistic(β=0.12,95%CI[0.03,0.20]).Gender played a moderating role in the relationship between rejection and Internet addiction(β=-0.13,t=-2.30,P<0.05),while gender had no significant moderating effect between over protection and Internet addiction(β=0.01,t=0.02,P>0.05).Conclusion:The negative parenting style is a predictive factor of Internet addiction,and dispositional optimism buffers the negative effect of negative parenting style on Internet addiction.