问题性社交网络使用对抑郁情绪的影响:基于潜在剖面分析

Effects of problematic social networks use on depression:Based on latent profile analysis

目的:识别不同学段中学生问题性社交网络使用的潜在类别,并分析其与抑郁情绪的关联。方法:选取1079名中学生,使用问题性移动社交网络使用问卷、流调中心抑郁量表进行问卷调查,并采用潜在剖面分析及稳健三步法对数据进行分析。结果:①初中生与高中生问题性社交网络使用存在不同潜在模式,初中组分为两组:适度使用型(45.7%),轻微问题型(54.3%);高中生分为3组:适度使用型(31.5%),轻微问题型(45.5%),深度沉迷型(23.0%);②上网时间是问题性社交网络使用的危险性因素,在初中生中,相较于“轻微问题型”,个体上网时间越长,其属于“适度使用型”的发生比会降低16%(OR=0.84,P<0.001);在高中生中,相较于“轻微问题型”,个体上网时间越长,其属于“适度使用型”的发生比会降低19%(OR=0.81,P<0.01),属于“深度沉迷型”的发生比会提高12%(OR=1.12,P<0.001);③各学段学生问题性社交网络使用潜在类别在抑郁情绪上差异具有统计学意义(χ^(2)=13.33,50.12,P<0.001),“深度沉迷型”的高中生抑郁得分最高。结论:不同学段学生问题性社交网络使用存在群体异质性。家长和教师可以通过控制中学生每日上网时间来减少问题性社交网络使用、缓解抑郁情绪。

Objective:To identify potential categories of problematic social networks use for different sections middle school students and further analyze the association of different categories with depression.Methods:A total of 1079 middle school students by convenient sampling method were taken as the object of the research.Students completed Problematic Mobile Social Media Usage Assessment Questionnaire and Center for Epidemiologic Studies Depression Scale.Latent profile analysis,the R3 step method and the DU3 step method were used to analyze the data.Results:①Two latent classes were identified for junior middle school students,including moderate use type(45.7%)and minor problem type(54.3%).For senior middle school students,three latent classes were identified such as moderate use type(31.5%),minor problem type(45.5%)and deep addiction type(23.0%).②Daily time spent online was a risk factor of problematic social networks use.In junior middle school students group,compared with minor problem type,when daily time spent online increased,the incidence rate of moderate use type would decrease by 16%(OR=0.84,P<0.001).In senior middle school students group,compared with minor problem type,when daily time spent online increased,the incidence rate of moderate use type would decrease by 19%(OR=0.81,P<0.01)and the incidence rate of deep addiction type would increase by 12%(OR=1.12,P<0.001).③There were significant differences in depression among different potential categories of problematic social networks use of different sections middle school students.Deep addiction type sub-category of senior middle school students scored highest on depression.Conclusion:There is heterogeneity in problematic social network use among different sections middle school students.Parents and teachers can reduce problematic social network use and alleviate depression by controlling middle school students’daily time spent online.