胸闷变异性哮喘与典型哮喘的研究进展

Research progress of chest tightness variant asthma and comparison with typical asthma

哮喘作为一种慢性气道疾病,在全球引发广泛关注。胸闷变异性哮喘(chest tightness variant asthma,CTVA)是2013年提出的一类以胸闷为唯一症状的哮喘分型,由于CTVA概念的提出时间尚短,症状更不典型,使得部分医疗人员及普通人群对其认知不足,尤其对于难以描述症状的儿童患者更易造成漏诊和误诊。因此,笔者整理了近年来有关CTVA的研究,总结其临床表现、病理机制、疾病分期、诱发因素、重症发作、并发症、辅助检查、治疗方案等内容,并与典型哮喘进行比对,以提高临床医生对CTVA的认识和诊治能力。

As a chronic respiratory disease,asthma is a global concern.Chest tightness variant asthma(CTVA)is a type of asthma with chest tightness as the only symptom proposed in 2013,as the concept of CTVA was proposed in a short time and the symptoms were even more atypical,some medical personnel and the general population had insufficient cognition of CTVA,and it was more likely to cause underdiagnosis and misdiagnosis for children whose symptoms were difficult to describe.In order to improve the understanding of CTVA and diagnosis and treatment ability of clinicians,this review summarized the clinical symptoms,pathological mechanism,disease stage,triggering factors,severe attack,complication,auxiliary examination and therapy of CTVA and compared it with typical asthma.