放牧对不同肉牛血液生化指标、抗氧化能力及免疫功能的影响

Effect of Grazing Conditions on Blood Biochemical Indexes,Immune Function and Antioxidant Capacity of Different Cattle Breeds

为了研究一致放牧条件对不同肉牛血液生化指标、抗氧化能力及免疫功能的影响,在内蒙古锡林郭勒盟西乌珠穆沁草原随机选择健康、体重和体况相近的成年西门塔尔牛、蒙古牛和夏洛莱牛各20头作为试验牛,于试验期最后1 d清晨进行血液采样,用ELISA方法测定血清生化、抗氧化指标以及免疫功能的指标含量。结果显示:(1)相同放牧饲养条件下西门塔尔牛和蒙古牛的血清IgA、IgG和IgM含量均显著高于夏洛莱牛(P<0.05);(2)蒙古牛较其他两种肉牛具有更好的抗氧化能力。蒙古牛血清MDA含量显著低于另两个品种(P<0.05),西门塔尔牛和蒙古牛血清SOD活性极显著高于夏洛莱牛(P<0.01),蒙古牛血清CAT活性显著高于夏洛莱牛(P<0.05);(3)蒙古牛在放牧条件下代谢平稳。蒙古牛血清中HDL-C含量和ALB含量相较于西门塔尔牛和夏洛莱牛均处于较高水平,但LDL-C含量处于较低水平(P<0.05)。综上所述,一致放牧条件下不同肉牛品种血液生化、抗氧化及免疫功能指标含量存在差异,并且蒙古牛具有较好的适应性及抗逆性能,可以为当地品系的选育提供参考依据。

In order to study the effects of the same grazing conditions on blood biochemical indices,antioxidant capacity and immune function of different beef cattle,20 adult Simmental,Mongolian and Charolais cattle with similar body weight and body condition were randomly selected as experimental cattle in West Ujumchin Steppe,Xilingol League and Inner Mongolia.Blood samples were taken in the morning of the last day of the experiment period.Serum hormones,antioxidant indexes,serum immunoglobulin and interleukin content were measured by ELISA.The results showed as follows:(1)the contents of IgA,IgG and IgM in serum of Simmental and Mongolian cattle were significantly higher than those of Charole cattle under the same grazing and feeding conditions(P<0.05).(2)Mongolian cattle have better antioxidant capacity than the other two kinds of beef cattle.The serum MDA content of Mongolian cattle was significantly lower than that of the other two breeds(P<0.05),the serum SOD activity of Simtal and Mongolian cattle was significantly higher than that of Charolai cattle(P<0.05),and the serum CAT activity of Mongolian cattle was significantly higher than that of Charolai cattle(P<0.05).(3)The metabolism of Mongolian cattle was stable under grazing condition.The contents of HDL-C and ALB in serum of Mongolian cattle were higher than those of Simmental and Charole cattle,but the content of LDL-C was lower(P<0.05).In conclusion,there are differences of the same grazing condifions in blood biochemical indexes,antioxidant indexes and immune function indexes among different beef breeds,and Mongolian cattle have better adaptability and stress resistance,which could provide reference for breeding of local beef breeds.