谐波减速器啮合特性与应力变形分析

Meshing Characteristics and Stress Deformation Analysis on Harmonic Reducer

柔轮与柔性轴承是谐波减速器的核心零件,往往因为承受交变载荷而发生疲劳失效。为了更加准确地分析谐波减速器柔轮与轴承变形规律与应力分布,本文建立了一种含完整柔性轴承的礼帽形谐波减速器模型,采用有限元方法分析了柔轮和柔性轴承在不同载荷下的应力分布和变形规律。研究表明,负载变化不会显著影响柔轮与刚轮啮合齿对的接触压力变化;载荷主要是导致柔轮筒体的切应力变化,剪切失效是柔轮杯底断裂的主要原因;轴承滚子及滚道压力分布在加载后出现了明显的位置偏载,与目前理论计算时假设的轴承压力分布显著不同。本文分析结果可为凸轮和柔轮的修形及柔轮的疲劳寿命研究提供参考依据。

Flexspline and flexible bearings are the core parts of harmonic reducers,and fatigue failure often occurs due to alternating loads.In order to analyze the deformation law and stress distribution of flexspline and bearings of harmonic reducers more accurately,a topper harmonic reducer model with complete flexible bearings is established,and the stress distribution and deformation law of flexspline and flexible bearings under different loads are analyzed by finite element method.The results show that the load change does not significantly affect the contact pressure change between the flexspline and the rigid gear pair.The load mainly leads to the change of shear stress of the flexspline barrel,and the shear failure is the main reason for the fracture of the bottom of the flexspline.The bearing roller and raceway pressure distribution has obvious position bias load after loading,which is significantly different from the bearing pressure distribution assumed in the current theoretical calculation.The analysis results of this paper can provide a reference for the modification of cams and flexspline and the fatigue life of flexspline.