海水淡化浓海水排放邻近海域浮游动物的调查研究

Investigation of zooplankton in the sea area near the discharge of seawater desalination brine

为探讨海水淡化浓海水排放对海洋生态的影响,选择青岛百发海水淡化厂浓海水排放口邻近海域,于2022年3月(春季)、8月(夏季)和10月(秋季)3个航次对浮游动物分布现状进行调查,分析了该海域浮游动物的种类组成、优势种、丰度、生物多样性等群落结构特征的变化。结果表明:3个航次共鉴定浮游动物6大类25种,主要类群为节肢动物。3个季节的优势种有7种,其中春季1种,为八斑唇腕水母(Rathkea octopunctata),其他季节优势种有桡足类幼体(Cepepoda larva)、太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)、双毛纺锤水蚤(Acartia bifilosa)、异体住囊虫(Oikopleura dioica)等。浮游动物种类数和丰度分布均存在季节变化。春季生物多样性指数均值为0.175,夏季和秋季差别不大,分别为1.612和1.785。Pearson相关性分析结果显示,不同站位浮游动物种类数与盐度的相关系数分别为-0.209、-0.259和-0.231。研究结果可为深入了解浓海水排放对海洋环境的影响提供基础资料。

To explore the effect of brine discharge from seawater desalination on marine ecology,the distribution of zooplankton in the sea area near the brine discharge outlet of Qingdao Baifa Seawater Desalination Plant was investigated in March(spring),August(summer)and October(autumn)in 2022.The species composition,dominant species,abundance and biodiversity of zooplankton community structure were analyzed.The results showed that 25 species of zooplankton were identified in 6 categories in three voyages,and the main group was arthropod.From three seasonal investigations,7 dominant species were found.Rathkea octopunctata was detected as the dominant species in spring,while the most important dominant species in other seasons were Cepepoda larva,Acartia pacifica,Acartia bifilosa,and Oikopleura dioica.There were seasonal changes in the species composition and abundance distribution of zooplankton.The average diversity index in spring was 0.175,while there was little difference between summer and autumn,which were 1.612 and 1.785,respectively.Pearson correlation analysis showed that the correlation coefficients between zooplankton species and salinity at different stations were-0.209,-0.259 and-0.231,respectively.This research may provide useful information for further investigation of the impact of brine discharge on marine environment.