转杯纺技术发展回顾与趋势展望

Review and trend prospect of rotor spinning technology development

探讨转杯纺技术的发展历史、现状及趋势。回顾转杯纺国内外的发展历程,厘清转杯纺技术的发展脉络,综述近年来转杯纺技术的发展现状,归纳成纱机理与纺纱器进步、适纺原料和适纺号数拓展、自动化和智能化应用方面的进展以及转杯纺发展历史上的有关争论,对转杯纺在新型纺纱器与新型结构纱线、转杯纺机理和关键器材的发展、纱线产品多元化、全自动与半自动技术融合以及基础研究等方面的发展趋势进行了展望。认为:转杯纺依据自身的特点能够在未来纺纱领域中占有一席之地,和环锭纺、喷气涡流纺进行错位竞争,针对纤维长度整齐度和细度均匀度差异较大的原料纺制大于14.5 tex的纱有较大优势;转杯纺进一步提高转杯速度和降低纺纱线密度的幅度不大,未来有望通过改进纺纱器设计、研发关键元器件来开发多元化纱线产品;纤维-气流两相耦合和成纱机理等研究是转杯纺技术发展的基础。

The development history,present situation and trend of rotor spinning technology were discussed.Development history of rotor spinning at home and abroad were reviewed.Development context of rotor spinning technology was clarified.Development status of rotor spinning technology in recent years was reviewed.Progress of yarn formation mechanism and spinning apparatus,the expansion of spinning raw materials and spinning numbers,the progress of automation and intelligent applications,the relevant debates in the history of rotor spinning development were summarized.The development trend of rotor spinning in new spinning device and new structural yarns,the development of rotor spinning mechanism and key equipment,the diversification of yarn products,the integration of automatic and semi-automatic technology and basic research were prospected.It is considered that according to its own characteristics,rotor spinning can occupy a place in the future spinning field,and compete with ring spinning and jet vortex spinning.It has a great advantage to spin yarn larger than 14.5 tex for raw materials with large differences in fiber length uniformity and fineness uniformity.Amplitudes of improving rotor speed and reducing spinning linear density are not large.In the future,it is expected to develop diversified yarn products by improving the spinning device design and developing key components.The research of fiber-air coupling and yarn formation mechanism are the basis of spinning technology development.