思妇形象的比较——以敦煌曲子词《菩萨蛮·朱明时节樱桃熟》和李清照《醉花阴·薄雾浓云愁永昼》为例

A Comparison of Two Images of Thinking Women-Dunhuang Quzi Ci Pusa Man:Zhuming Shijie Yingtao Shu and Li Qingzhao's Zui Hua Yin:Bowu Nongyun Chou Yong Zhou

敦煌曲子词《菩萨蛮·朱明时节樱桃熟》与李清照《醉花阴·薄雾浓云愁永昼》,一个创作于唐末,一个创作于南北宋之交,分别对应了词的初创期和兴盛期。同为抒写女性闺怨的思妇词,二者都从贵族女性的视角进行创作,却在情感上一个直白,一个含蓄;意象上一个明丽,一个淡雅;艺术手法上一个重在白描,一个重在用典;塑造了一个娇憨,一个清雅的女性形象。两者的比较反映了词在不同时代背景下的特征,也展示了词作者的个人风格,尤其是李清照可谓女性本位言情,而不是代言体,所以对于词作情感的表达更为真切深沉,符合女性心理。体现了思妇词的初创与成熟的典范映照。

The Dunhuang Quzi Ci Pusaman:Zhuming Shiuie Yingtao Shu and Li Qingzhao's Zui Hua Yin:Bowu Nongyun Chou Yong Zhou,one created in the late Tang Dynasty and the other at the turn of the Northern and Southern Song Dynasty,correspond to the initial and flourishing periods of the word,respectively.They are both poems about women's thoughts and grievances.Both of them were created from the perspective of aristocratic women,but in terms of emotions,one was straightforward and the other was implicit.On the image,one is bright and the other is elegant.In terms of artistic techniques,one focuses on line drawing and the other on using allusions.A charming and an elegant female images,were shaped.The comparison between the two reflects the characteristics of Ci in different historical backgrounds and also demonstrates the personal style of the author.Especially,Li Qingzhao can be described as a female centered emotional expression rather than an endorsement style,so the expression of emotions in Ci is more sincere and profound,in line with female psychology.The comparison between the two reflects the exemplary reflection of the initiation and maturity of Ci of thinking women.