自动雪深观测仪的对比分析

Comparative Analysis of Automatic Snow Depth Observation Instruments

为推进气象高质量发展,推动雪深观测自动化进程,建设气象探测强国,佳木斯市气象局于2021年~2022年冬季在佳木斯冰雪试验外场安装3台不同型号的雪深自动观测仪,进行雪深观测仪比对试验,通过对积雪期自动采集与人工观测的雪深数据对比分析,评估不同类型的自动雪深观测仪运行稳定性和数据精准性。试验结果表明3台自动雪深观测仪在积雪期运行稳定,故障率为0,观测数据完整,无缺失;在不同积雪阶段,3台自动雪深观测仪数据与人工观测数据相比,整体的准确性和稳定性为DSJ1型>DSS1型>DSS2型;气温和雪温在积雪稳定阶段与自动雪深观测仪误差相关性最强。综上所述,DSJ1型自动雪深观测仪运行最稳定,数据最准确,在今后对自动雪深观测仪的升级时应更加注重气温、雪温和风速等气象要素带来的误差,从而推动雪深观测自动化进程服务。

In order to promote the high-quality development of meteorology,promote the automation process of snow depth observation,and build a strong country in meteorological observation,the Jiamusi Meteorological Bureau installed three different models of snow depth automatic observation instruments to conducted snow depth observation instrument comparison experiments in the Jiamusi Ice and Snow Test Field from winter 2021 to 2022.By comparing and analyzing the snow depth data collected automatically and manually during the snow accumulation period,Evaluate the operational stability and data accuracy of different types of automatic snow depth observation instruments.The test results show that the three automatic snow depth observation instruments operate stably during the snow accumulation period,with a failure rate of O,and the observation data is complete without any missing;Compared with manual observation data,the overall accuracy and stability of the three automatic snow depth observation instruments in different snow accumulation stages are DSJ type>DSS1 type>DSS2 type;The temperature and snow temperature have the strongest correlation with the error of automatic snow depth observation instruments during the stable stage of snow accumulation.In summary,the DSJl automatic snow depth observation instrument operates most stably and has the most accurate data.In the future,when upgrading the automatic snow depth observation instrument,more attention should be paid to the errors caused by meteorological factors such as temperature,snow temperature,and wind speed,in order to promote the automation process and service of snow depth observation.