典型化学反应热失控事故原因及控制措施分析

Analysis on the Causes and Control Measures for Thermal Runaway Accidents of Typical Chemical Reactions

化学反应热失控是化工事故的主要原因之一,通常会造成较为严重的事故后果。通过对13个典型化工工业的热失控危险特点分析,主要风险点在于原料及产物的热不稳定性、反应过程的快速放热及冷却能力不足。通过对中国、法国和英国的热失控事故原因分析,人与组织原因导致的热失控事故最高,其次是物理和技术原因,针对热失控原因进行详细分析,并有针对性的提出了8项预防及控制热失控事故的有效措施,可以为热失控事故原因分析和预防提供参考。

Thermal runaway of chemical reactions is one of the main causes of chemical accidents,which usually lead to serious consequences.Through the analysis of the thermal runaway risk characteristics of 13 typical chemical industries,the main risk points are the thermal instability of raw materials and products,the rapid heat release of the reaction process and the insufficient cooling capacity.Through the analysis of the causes of thermal runaway accidents in China,France and the United Kingdom,the main reason of thermal runaway accidents are human and organizational causes,followed by physical and technical reasons.The reasons of thermal runaway are analyzed in detail,and eight effective measures to prevent and control thermal runaway accidents are proposed.The analysis results can provide reference for thermal runaway accident investigation and prevention.