貌合神离的追求——赖特有机主义与苏联社会主义现实主义的研究

The Pursuit Seemingly in Harmony but Actually at Variance:F.L.Wright's Organism and Soviet Socialist Realism

1937年6月,第一届苏联建筑师协会代表大会在莫斯科召开,旨在巩固社会主义现实主义建筑艺术准则、创造社会主义内容,而赖特这位美国派有机主义建筑师也受邀参与其中。这一事件性质微妙,并处于特殊的历史时期,在理论界也少有问津。该文将分别研究赖特有机主义和苏联社会主义现实主义建筑理论的演进过程、形成原因,以及两者在不同建筑探索中的区别和联系,通过探究两者貌合神离的本质与表现差异,思考当下应如何选择性地汲取多元化的建筑理论思想,以及这些理念在当下建筑创作设计中的作用与意义。

In June 1937,the first representative conference of the Soviet Architects Association was held in Moscow,aiming to consolidate the artistic norms of socialist realism architecture a nd create socialist content.Wright,the representative of America n architects,was also invited to participate.This event is delicate in nature a nd is in a special historical period,which is rarely noticed in the theoretical circle.In this paper we will respectively study the evolution process and causes of Wright's organic architecture theory and Soviet Union's socialist realism architecture theory,as well as the differences and connections between them in different architectural exploration.By exploring the nature and performance differences between the two,we think about how to selectively absorb diversified architectural theories and ideas,as well as the role and significance of these ideas in contemporary architectural creation and design.