基于5E预防策略的跌倒预防方案在血液科住院患者跌倒风险管理中的应用

Application of a fall prevention plan based on 5E prevention strategy in fall risk management of hematology inpatients

目的探讨基于5E预防策略构建跌倒预防方案在血液科住院患者中的应用效果。方法以2021年2月至2022年1月江苏省中医院血液科收治的60例住院患者作为研究对象,采用随机数字表法分为观察组和对照组,每组30例。对照组给予常规管理策略干预,在此基础上,观察组给予基于5E预防策略构建的跌倒预防方案干预。比较2组在住院期间的跌倒发生率和跌倒损害程度,比较2组在干预前、干预3 d后及出院时的跌倒风险和跌倒恐惧程度,并比较2组在干预前及出院时的跌倒预防知信行水平。结果观察组的跌倒发生率低于对照组,跌倒损害程度轻于对照组(P均<0.05)。干预3 d后及出院时,2组的Morse跌倒评估量表(MFS)和跌倒恐惧量表(FOFS)评分均低于干预前(P均<0.05),且出院时的上述评分均低于干预3 d后(P均<0.05);观察组的MFS及FOFS评分均低于同期对照组(P均<0.05)。出院时,2组的跌倒预防知识、态度和行为评分均高于干预前(P均<0.05),且观察组的跌倒预防知识、态度和行为评分均高于对照组(P均<0.05)。结论基于5E预防策略构建的跌倒预防方案可降低血液科住院患者的跌倒风险和跌倒发生率,减轻其跌倒损害和跌倒恐惧程度,提升其对跌倒预防的知信行水平。

Objective To explore the application effect of constructing a fall prevention plan based on 5E prevention strategy in hematology inpatients.Methods Sixty hospitalized patients admitted to the Hematology Department of Jiangsu Province Hospital of Chinese Medicine from February 2021 to January 2022 were selected as the study subjects.They were randomly allocated into an observation group and a control group using a random number table,with 30 patients in each group.The control group adopted intervention of routine management strategy,and the observation group additionally adopted the fall prevention plan based on the 5E prevention strategy.The incidence and severity of falls during hospitalization were compared between the two groups.The risk and fear of falls before intervention,after 3 days of intervention,and at discharge were compared between the two groups.The knowledge,belief,and practice levels of fall prevention before intervention and at discharge were compared between the two groups.Results The observation group had a lower incidence of falls and milder fall damage than the control group(both P<0.05).After 3 days of intervention and at discharge,the scores of the Morse Fall Scale(MFS)and Fear of Falling Scale(FOFS)in both groups were lower than those before intervention(all P<0.05),and the above scores at discharge were lower than those after 3 days of intervention(all P<0.05).The observation group had lower MFS and FOFS scores than the control group(all P<0.05).At discharge,the scores of fall prevention knowledge,belief,and practice in both groups were higher than those before intervention(all P<0.05),and the observation group had higher scores of fall prevention knowledge,belief,and practice than the control group(all P<0.05).Conclusion A fall prevention plan based on the 5E prevention strategy can reduce the risk and incidence of falls in hematology inpatients,reduce their severity of fall damage and degree of fear,and improve their knowledge,belief,and practice levels in fall prevention.