内蒙古河套灌区秋浇变化规律调查研究

Change Pattern of Autumn Irrigation in Hetao Irrigation District of Inner Mongolia

秋浇不仅能够储墒、淋盐压碱,还能起到松土作用,是河套灌区传统的秋后淋盐、春季保墒的一种特殊的灌水制度,是河套灌区通过多年来实践经验总结而来。该文对河套灌区近20 a来的秋浇变化规律进行了调查和研究,研究结果表明,近20 a,受地下水位下降、气候变暖、土壤冻融期缩短、作物生长期缩短等多种因素的共同影响,秋浇时间整体后推,秋浇用水量呈波动式变化趋势,地下水位在年内呈现增加-减小-增加-减小-增加的双驼峰的变化趋势。

Autumn irrigation is a special irrigation system in Hetao Irrigation District,which is a traditional way of soaking salt after autumn and preserving soil moisture in spring.It has been summarized through years of practical experience in Hetao Irrigation District.Autumn irrigation can not only store soil moisture,soak salt and press alkali,but also plays a role in loosening soil.In 20 years,due to various factors such as decreased groundwater level,climate warming,shortened soil freeze-thaw period,and shortened crop growth period,the overall duration of autumn irrigation is delayed,and the water consumption for autumn irrigation shows a fluctuating trend.Groundwater level shows a double hump trend of increasing-decreasing-increasing-decreasing increasing within the year.