柠条水提取物对杜蒙杂交羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和抗氧化性能的影响

Effects of Caragana Water Extract on Growth Performance,Slaughter Performance,Muscle Quality and Antioxidant Performance of Dumeng Hybrid Sheep

本试验旨在研究饲粮中添加柠条水提取物对杜蒙杂交羊生长性能、屠宰性能、肌肉品质和抗氧化性能的影响。选择8月龄、体重相近的杜蒙杂交羊63只,随机分为7组,每组3个重复,每个重复3只。对照组饲喂基础饲粮,柠条对照组饲喂用柠条替代基础饲粮中15%玉米秸秆的饲粮,试验1~5组分别饲喂在基础饲粮中添加4、6、8、10和12 g/kg柠条水提取物的饲粮。试验预试期15 d,正试期50 d。结果表明:1)试验1组、试验2组和试验3组杜蒙杂交羊终末体重和平均日增重(ADG)显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),试验4组和试验5组料重比(F/G)显著高于其他各组(P<0.05)。2)试验1组、试验2组和试验3组杜蒙杂交羊胴体重和屠宰率显著高于其他各组(P<0.05),试验1组眼肌面积显著高于对照组、试验4组和试验5组(P<0.05)。3)柠条对照组和试验1~4组杜蒙杂交羊背最长肌pH24h显著高于对照组(P<0.05),柠条对照组背最长肌亮度(L^(∗))值显著高于除试验4组外的其他各组(P<0.05),试验4组背最长肌红度(a^(∗))值显著高于对照组(P<0.05);饲粮中添加柠条水提取物对背最长肌常规营养成分含量无显著影响(P>0.05)。4)对照组和试验3组杜蒙杂交羊背最长肌十七烷酸(C17∶0)含量显著高于试验1组(P<0.05),对照组背最长肌油酸(C18∶1n9c)含量显著高于除试验1组以外的其他各组(P<0.05)。5)试验2~5组杜蒙杂交羊背最长肌超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活性显著高于对照组、柠条对照组和试验1组(P<0.05),试验1~5组背最长肌谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶(GSH-Px)活性显著高于对照组(P<0.05),且试验1~5组背最长肌过氧化氢酶(CAT)活性和总抗氧化能力(T-AOC)显著高于对照组和柠条对照组(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮中添加适宜水平柠条水提取物能够提高杜蒙杂交羊ADG,提高屠宰性能和肌肉抗氧化能力;在本试验条件下,柠条水提取物以4~6 g/kg添加水平的效果为佳。

This experiment was conducted to investigate the effects of caragana water extract supplemented in diet on growth performance,slaughter performance,muscle quality and antioxidant performance of Dumeng hybrid sheep.A total of 63 Dumeng hybrid sheep at 8 months of age with similar body weight were randomly divided into 7 groups with 3 replicates per group and 3 sheep per replicate.Sheep in the control group were fed a basal diet,those in the caragana control group were fed a diet using 15%caragana to replace the same pro-portion of corn stalk in the basal diet,and those in experimental groups 1 to 5 were fed the basal diet supple-mented with 4,6,8,10 and 12 g/kg caragana water extract,respectively.The pre-trial period lasted for 15 days and the experimental period lasted for 50 days.The results showed as follows:1)the final body weight and average daily gain(ADG)of Dumeng hybrid sheep in experimental groups 1,2 and 3 were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05),and the ratio of feed to gain(F/G)in experimental groups 4 and 5 was significantly higher than that in the other groups(P<0.05).2)The carcass weight and dressing per-centage of Dumeng hybrid sheep in experimental groups 1,2 and 3 were significantly higher than those in the other groups(P<0.05),and the loin muscle area in experimental group 1 was significantly higher than that in the control group and experimental groups 4 and 5(P<0.05).3)The pH24 h in longissimus dorsi muscle of Dumeng hybrid sheep in the caragana control group and experimental groups 1 to 4 was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),the brightness(L^(∗))value in longissimus dorsi muscle in the caraga-na control group was significantly higher than that in the other groups except experimental group 4(P<0.05),and the redness(a^(∗))value in longissimus dorsi muscle in experimental group 4 was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05);dietary caragana water extract no significant effects on the contents of con-ventional nutrients in longissimus dorsi muscle(P>0.05).4)The margaric acid(C17∶0)content in longissi-mus dorsi of Dumeng hybrid sheep in the control group and experimental group 3 was significantly higher than that in experimental group 1(P<0.05),and the cis-9-octadecenoic acid(C18∶1n9c)content in longissimus dorsi in the control group was significantly higher than that in the other groups except experimental group 1(P<0.05).5)The superoxide dismutase(SOD)activity in longissimus dorsi muscle of Dumeng hybrid sheep in experimental groups 2 to 5 was significantly higher than that in the control group,caragana control group and experimental group 1(P<0.05),the glutathione peroxidase(GSH-Px)activity in longissimus dorsi muscle in experimental groups 1 to 5 was significantly higher than that in the control group(P<0.05),and the catalase(CAT)activity and total antioxidant capacity(T-AOC)in longissimus dorsi muscle in experimental groups 1 to 5 were significantly higher than those in the control group and caragana control group(P<0.05).In conclu-sion,dietary supplemented with appropriate level of caragana water extract can improve ADG,slaughter per-formance and muscle antioxidant capacity of Dumeng hybrid sheep;under the conditions of this experiment,the effect of caragana water extract at the supplemental levels of 4 to 6 g/kg is the best.