广东省高职在校生职业认同现状及影响因素分析

Analysis of the Current Situation and Influencing Factors of Vocational Identity among Higher Voca⁃tional College Students in Guangdong Province

目的:了解高职在校生职业认同的影响因素,为优化相关专业人才培养提供依据。方法:于2020年6—7月采用分层随机抽样方法,在广东省内选取3所高职院校,并随机选取医学类和非医学类专业在校生进行网络问卷调查。结果:共调查高职在校生661人,其中非医学类专业学生324人(49.0%),医学类专业学生337人(51.0%);女生的职业认同度高于男生,医学类专业、自主选择专业志愿、成绩较好的学生的职业认同度和专业认同度均高于其他学生;Logistic回归分析显示,家庭所在地(农村:OR=2.705,95%CI:1.599-4.578)、专业志愿选择(调剂专业:OR=4.743,95%CI:1.024-21.973)、班级成绩(中等:OR=5.821,95%CI:3.143-10.781;较差:OR=7.781,95%CI:2.581-23.455)、专业类别(医学类专业:OR=0.177,95%CI:0.086-0.368)是高职在校生职业认同的主要影响因素。结论:应注重入学引导和专业认知教育,加强人文素养和职业素养的教育与培训,以增强高职学生的职业认同。

Objective:To understand the influencing factors of vocational identity and improve the talent training plan for higher vocational college students.Method:Using stratified random sampling method,we selected three higher vocational colleges in Guangdong Province,and conducted an online questionnaire survey on students from medical and non-medical majors from June to July 2020.Results:A total of 661 higher vocational college stu⁃dents were surveyed,including 324 non-medical students(49.0%)and 337 medical students(51.0%);Female stu⁃dents have a higher level of vocational identity than male students,while students with medical majors,voluntary majors,and good grades have higher levels of vocational identity and professional identity than other students;Lo⁃gistic regression analysis showed that family location(rural area:OR=2.705,95%CI:1.599-4.578),major choice(adjustment major:OR=4.743,95%CI:1.024-21.973),classes results(moderate:OR=5.821,95%CI:3.143-10.781;poor:OR=7.781,95%CI:2.581-23.455),and major category(medical major:OR=0.177,95%CI:0.086-0.368)were the main influencing factors of vocational identity for vocational higher college students.Conclusions:In order to enhance the vocational identity of higher vocational college students,attention should be paid to stu⁃dent enrollment guidance and professional cognition education,and education and training on students’humanis⁃tic and professional qualities should be strengthened.