美国高校图书馆促进数据重用的服务实践及启示

The Practice and Enlightenment of Data Reuse Services in American University Libraries

科研数据开放共享的目的在于重用数据,面向科研人员重用开放数据日渐强烈的需求,国外高校图书馆已开展多种形式的数据重用服务,其中以美国较具代表性和规模性。研究发现,U.S.News(2022-2023版)排名前50的美国高校图书馆数据重用服务方式包括内容指南、最佳实践案例解析、咨询、培训、研讨会、社群、项目展览等;可行性服务主题包括数据查找和获取、数据评估、数据可视化、工具与资源推荐、数据合理使用指南、数据引用指南、数据引用验证、数据存储与出版等。我国高校图书馆需要以“数字学术+开放数据”理念丰富数据重用服务形式,以数据重用生态构建提升图书馆服务能力,以场景巩固与开发促进数据共享利用的文化建设。

The purpose of opening research data is to reuse data.Based on researchers'the rapidly increasing demand for data reuse,international university libraries have launched various types of data reuse services.Among them,American university libraries have been providing the services on a large scale and being most representative.We found that the ways in which top 50 American university libraries,in U.S.News&World Report Best Global Universities Rankings(2022-2023 version),provide their data reuse services include content guides,best practice case studies,consultation,training,seminars,communities,project exhibitions,and so on.Feasibility data reuse services include data search and acquisition,data evaluation,data visualization,guidelines for the rational use of data resources,data citation guidelines,data citation verification,and data storage and publication.Our suggestions for Chinese university libraries to enrich the types of data reuse services with the concept of“Digital Scholarship plus Open Data”,to enhance library service capabilities through the construction of a data reuse ecosystem,and to promote a culture of data sharing and utilization through scenario consolidation and development.