亲鸽饲粮添加黑水虻幼虫粉对乳鸽生长性能、抗氧化及肠道物理屏障功能的影响

Effects of Black Soldier Fly Larvae Meal in Breeding Pigeon Diet on Growth Performance,Antioxidative Capacity and Intestinal Physical Barrier Function of Squabs

试验旨在探究亲鸽饲粮添加黑水虻幼虫粉对乳鸽生长性能、血清免疫指标、抗氧化功能、肠道形态发育及紧密连接蛋白相关基因表达的影响。试验选取192只体重相近且健康的1日龄乳鸽和96对产蛋日期相近的7月龄亲鸽,随机分成4组,每组6个重复,每个重复8只乳鸽和4对亲鸽,每对亲鸽以“2+2”哺育模式哺育乳鸽。对照组饲喂基础日粮,0.5%、1.0%、1.5%黑水虻幼虫粉组分别饲喂含0.5%、1.0%和1.5%黑水虻幼虫粉的试验饲粮,试验期28 d。结果显示:与对照组相比,黑水虻幼虫粉组乳鸽28日龄体重显著提高(P<0.05);0.5%、1.0%黑水虻幼虫粉组血清IgM和IgG含量显著提高(P<0.05);血清总抗氧化能力和总超氧化物歧化酶(T-SOD)活性以及回肠谷胱甘肽过氧化物酶和T-SOD活性显著提高(P<0.05),乳酸脱氢酶活性和血清丙二醛含量显著降低(P<0.05);回肠SOD1、SOD2和CAT mRNA相对表达量均显著提高(P<0.05);肠道绒毛高度、绒隐比和肌层厚度显著提高(P<0.05),隐窝深度显著降低(P<0.05);回肠Claudin-3、Occludin和ZO-1 mRNA相对表达量均显著提高(P<0.05),Claudin-2 mRNA相对表达量显著降低(P<0.05)。综上所述,饲粮添加0.5%~1.0%黑水虻幼虫粉更有利于乳鸽生长,提高其免疫和抗氧化功能,改善肠道的物理屏障功能。

The purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of dietary black soldier fly larvae meal(BSFLM)on growth performance,serum immune index,antioxidative capacity,intestinal morphology and development and expression of tight junction protein-related genes of squabs.A total of 1921-day-age healthy squabs with similar bady weight and 96 pairs of 7-month-age young breeding with similar egg laying date were randomly divided into 4 groups with 6 repeats pigeons in each group and 8 squabs and 4 pair of breeding pigeons per repeat,each pair of breeding pigeons were fed two squabs in the"2+2"feeding mode.The con⁃trol group was fed with the basal diet and 0.5%,1.0%and 1.5%BSFLM group were fed with the basal diet supplemented 0.5%,1.0%and 1.5%BSFLM,respectively.The experiment lasted for 28 days.The results showed that:Compared with the control group,the 28-day-age body weight of squabs in BSFLM groups was significantly increased(P<0.05);The serum IgM and IgG con⁃tent in 0.5%,1.0%BSFLM group were significantly increased(P<0.05);The serum Total antioxidant capacity and T-superoxide dismutase(T-SOD)activities,and the ileal glutathione peroxidase and T-SOD activities in BSFLM groups were significantly in⁃creased(P<0.05),while lactate dehydrogenase activity and serum malondialdehyde content were significantly decreased(P<0.05);The ileal SOD1,SOD2 and CAT mRNA relative expression levels in BSFLM groups were significantly increased(P<0.05);The in⁃testinal villus height,Vh/Cd and thickness were significantly increased(P<0.05),while crypt depth was significantly decreased(P<0.05);The ileal Claudin-3,Occludin and ZO-1 mRNA relative expression levels were significantly increased(P<0.05),while the ileal Claudin-2 mRNA relative expression levels was significantly decreased(P<0.05).It was concluded that dietary supple⁃mentation of 0.5%to 1.0%BSFLM was benefical to the growth of squabs,increase immune index and antioxidative capacity,and improve intestinal physical barrier function of squabs.