民事法律事实的溯及力——以《民法典》为重点研究

Retrospective Effect of Civil Legal Facts——Focusing on the Civil Code

在原则层面,民事法律事实应以“不溯及为原则,溯及为例外”,同时参照适用“有利溯及原则”,而“有序溯及原则”和“重大公益溯及原则”[1]并无适用空间。在具体衡量因素的层面,在判断民事法律事实是否溯及时,不仅要考虑法律规则所欲实现的目的,也应兼顾当事人对于民事法律事实发生的影响力。

At the level of principle,civil legal facts should be based on the principle of"non retrospective,retrospective is an exception"and refer to the"favorable retrospective principle",while the"orderly retrospective principle"and"significant public welfare retrospective principle"have no applicable space.At the level of specific measurement factors,in determining whether civil legal facts are retroactive,not only should the purpose of legal rules be considered,but also the influence of the parties on the occurrence of civil legal facts should be taken into account.