俄罗斯版《中国通史》中国上古史研究评述

A Preliminary Study of Traditional Chinese History in the Russian Edition of General History of China

本文以《剑桥中国史》《哈佛中国史》和日本讲谈社《中国的历史》为参照,评述俄罗斯学者编纂的十卷本《中国通史》对中国上古史的研究方法、撰写范式,阐释其对中国历史的基本态度。俄罗斯学者综合使用考古学与文献学研究方法,从整个东亚历史区域的维度考察上古时期的中国文明,描述了东亚广阔疆域上既具共性又各有千秋的诸多文化类型,勾勒了上古时期不同文化载体之间的交往过程,并最终在双重文化空间中审视华夏文明有机统一体的形成,为解读中国历史提供了俄罗斯视角。

With reference to The Cambridge History of China,History of Imperial China and the Japanese version of The History of China,this paper reviews the research methods and writing patterns of the ten-volume General History of China collectively compiled by Russian scholars and explains their basic attitude towards Chinese history.These Russian scholars use the research methods of archaeology and philology to investigate traditional Chinese civilization in the whole historical region of East Asia.They also describe the different cultures that were both common and unique in the vast territory of East Asia and outline the communication process between different cultural carriers in traditional times.Moreover,they examine the formation of the organic unity of Chinese civilization in a dual cultural space,which provides a Russian perspective on Chinese history.