手持式微型电动负压吸引器在危重病人院内转运过程中的应用

Application of hand-held miniature electric negative pressure aspirator in hospital transport of critical care patients

目的观察手持式微型电动负压吸引器在危重病人院内转运过程中的应用效果及安全性。方法纳入2021年8月至2022年6月江苏省中医院重症监护室(ICU)需院内转运的气管插管或气管切开病人106例。按照随机数字表法分为对照组(转运过程中以50 mL注射器连接无菌吸痰管吸痰)和观察组(使用手持式微型电动负压吸引器吸痰)各53例。观察两组转运开始前和转运结束后病人呼吸频率、氧合指数(P/F)、血氧饱和度、收缩压、舒张压和心率的差异。结果转运开始前,两组呼吸频率、P/F、血氧饱和度、收缩压、舒张压和心率比较,均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。转运结束后,观察组呼吸频率[(18.43±4.81)次/分比(20.60±4.45)次/分]、收缩压[(129.09±18.27)mmHg比(139.81±17.30)mmHg]和心率[(81.75±19.33)次/分比(91.43±15.07)次/分]均明显低于对照组(P<0.001),而血氧饱和度[(97.64±2.36)%比(95.98±1.43)%]明显高于对照组(P<0.001)。在转运前后差值方面,观察组呼吸频率、P/F、血氧饱和度、收缩压、舒张压和心率的转运前后差值均明显小于对照组(P<0.001)。组内比较可见,与转运开始前相比,对照组在转运结束后的呼吸频率、收缩压、舒张压和心率均明显升高,P/F、血氧饱和度均明显下降,均差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。观察组转运前后各项指标比较,除血氧饱和度外(P<0.05),其他指标均差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。结论ICU危重症病人转运过程中使用手持式微型电动负压吸引器可确保病人气道通畅,维持生命体征平稳,减少转运风险,值得临床进一步推广。

Objective To investigate the application effect and safety of hand-held miniature electric negative pressure aspirator in hospital transport of critical care patients.Methods A total of 106 patients with endotracheal intubation or tracheotomy in the ICU of Jiangsu Provincial Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine from August 2021 to June 2022 were enrolled in this study.According to the random number table method,the patients were assigned into the control group(the control group were used 50 mL syringe connect ed with sterile tube for suction during transport)and the experimental group(the experimental group were used hand-held miniature electric negative pressure aspirator for suction during transport),with 53 cases in each group.It was observed that the differences of re spiratory rate(RR),oxygenation index(P/F),oxygen saturation(SpO_(2)),systolic blood pressure(SBP),diastolic blood pressure(DBP)and heart rate(HR)before and after the transport.Results There were no differences in the levels of RR,P/F,SpO_(2),SBP,DBP and HR be tween these two groups before and after transport(P>0.05).After transport,the levels of RR[(18.43±4.81)times/min vs.(20.60±4.45)times/min],SBP[(129.09±18.27)mmHg vs.(139.81±17.30)mmHg]and HR[(81.75±19.3)times/min vs.(91.43±15.07)times/min]in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.001),and the SpO_(2)[(97.64±2.36)%vs.(95.98±1.43)%]was significantly higher than that in control group(P<0.001).The difference of RR,P/F,SpO_(2),SBP,DBP and HR levels before and af ter transport in experimental group were significantly lower than those in control group(P<0.001).Compared with the levels before transport,RR,SBP,DBP and HR in control group were significantly increased after the end of transport(P<0.05),while P/F and SpO_(2)were significantly decreased,with statistical significance(P<0.05).There were no significant differences in other indexes of experimen tal group before and after transport,expect SpO_(2),(P>0.05).Conclusion Using hand-held miniature electric negative pressure aspira tor can ensure the smooth airway of patients,and maintain the stability of vital signs,and reduce the risk of transport,which is worthy of further clinical promotion in the transport of critical care patients.