不同年龄儿童百日咳及百日咳综合征临床特征分析

Clinical Characteristics of Pertussis and Pertussis-Like Syndrome in Children of Different Ages.

目的对2月至11岁儿童鉴别百日咳及百日咳综合征提供临床特征参考。方法回顾性分析我院住院治疗的196例百日咳患儿和228例百日咳综合征患儿临床资料,比较两组差异。结果两组患儿性别、年龄比较差异无统计学意义,两组5岁以上儿童人数占比均为最多,百日咳组中≤6月人数占比(32.1%)较百日咳综合征组占比(15.3%)增多,而7月~5岁人数占比(26.5%)较百日咳综合征组(42.6%)减少,差异均有统计学意义(P<0.05)。百日咳组发热人数、WBC总数、淋巴细胞计数、血小板计数、FeNO均较百日咳综合征组升高,潮气肺功能水平下降,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05)。其他临床特征差异均无统计学意义。结论6月以下和5岁以上儿童更易感染百日咳杆菌,百日咳患儿易出现血常规和气道炎性指标异常,婴幼儿患儿还容易出现肺功能下降,应密切关注各项指标,积极进行防治。

Objective To provide reference for distinguishing pertussis and pertussis-like syndrome in children aged from 2 months to 11 years.Methods Gender,age,clinical symptoms,blood routine,chest radiograph,sputum culture,examination of respiratory pathogens,lung function and exhaled nitric oxide were collected from 196 children with pertussis and 228 children with pertussis-like syndrome who were hospitalized in the pediatric respiratory immunology department of our hospital.Differences were compared between two groups.Results There was no statistical difference in gender and age,and the number of children over 5 years old accounted for the largest proportion in both groups.The number of people≤6 months old in pertussis group(32.1%)was higher than that in pertussis-like syndrome group(15.3%),while the number of people between 7 months old and 5 years old in pertussis syndrome group(26.5%)was lower than that in pertussis-like syndrome group 42.6%,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The number of fever,total WBC,lymphocyte count,platelet count and FeNO in pertussis group were higher than those in pertussis-like syndrome group,while the level of moisture and lung function was decreased with statistical significance(P<0.05).There was no statistical difference in other clinical features.Conclusions Children under 6 months old and over 5 years old are more likely to be infected with Bacillus pertussis.Children with pertussis are more likely to have abnormal blood routine and airway inflammatory indicators,and infants and children are also more likely to have decreased lung function.Therefore,we should pay close attention to the indicators,active prevention and control.