近10年中国各省级行政区鸟类新记录解析

Analysis on New Records of Birds in Provincial Administrative Regions of China in Recent Decade

近年来,随着科研工作和公民科学的蓬勃发展,越来越多的鸟类新记录被发表,及时收集这些资料并探索鸟类新记录出现的潜在规律对鸟类学研究及其保护管理具有重要意义。因此,本文基于书籍和期刊文献,系统整理了近10年来中国各省级行政区鸟类物种新记录信息。结果发现,截至2022年3月31日我国鸟类为26目110科1456种。在省级行政区尺度,48.86%的鸟类物种出现新记录,包括37种国家级新记录。除澳门地区外,其余各省级行政区都有鸟类新记录,且我国东南、西南以及北部新记录数相对较多;新记录鸟种最多的为雀形目和鸻形目鸟类,且表现为广西和江西等区域雀形目鸟类的增加较多,四川和云南省等区域鸻形目鸟类的增加较多。针对新记录发现的生境分析发现86.07%的新记录集中在水域、林地以及居民地。新记录物种数随着人类足迹指数的增加而减少。研究结果提示:鸟类新记录的不断出现可能与调查强度、保护成效、环境变化以及鸟类自身特性有关。建议加强鸟类的监测,特别是对偏远地区的监测;特别关注气候、栖息地变化对生物多样性的影响。

With the vigorous development of scientific research and citizen science,more and more new records of birds in China have been discovered in recent years.It is of great significance for ornithological research and bird conservation to timely collect these data and explore the potential patterns of bird distribution changes.Therefore,based on books and journal literature,the new records of birds were systematically collated among different provincial administrative regions of China in recent decade.The results showed that there were 1456 bird species,belonging to 26 orders and 110 families in China up to March 31,2022.48.86% bird species had been first found in one or more provincial administrative region of China,and among these,37 species were first discovered in China.Except Macao,all other provincial administrative regions had new records of birds,and most records were distributed highly in southeast,southwest and north of China.Most birds of new records were belonged to Passeriformes and Charadriiformes,which showed the increase of the former in the regions such as Guangxi and Jiangxi provinces,and the increase of the latter in the regions such as Sichuan and Yunnan provinces.According to the habitat analysis of the new records,86.07% of the new records were concentrated in waters,forests and residential areas.The number of newly recorded species decreased with the increase of human footprint index.The results suggested that new bird record increasing may be related to survey efforts,protection effectiveness,environmental changes and bird own traits.Therefore,we suggested that researchers and managers should strengthen the survey effort of birds,especially in the remote areas,and pay more attention to the impact of climate and habitat changes on biodiversity.