滇金丝猴家庭个体理毛收益比较

Comparison of Grooming Income between OMUs of Rhinopithecus bieti

理毛行为是非人灵长类维持社会关系的主要途径,理毛的收益能反应个体在社群中所处的社会角色及等级。为了解重层社会滇金丝猴个体社会角色和等级对理毛收益的影响,于2018年7月—8月和2019年2月、8月期间,采用焦点动物全事件记录法收集云南白马雪山国家级自然保护区人工辅助投食的滇金丝猴一雄多雌繁殖家庭(OMU)理毛和攻击-屈服行为数据,分析了雌雄和雌雌的理毛收益及影响因素。结果表明:滇金丝猴繁殖家庭内成年个体间有32.3%的理毛回合有回报,平均理毛时间为302±255 s(n=96)。相同雌性数量繁殖家庭间主雄的理毛收益无差异(Z=4.59,P=0.20);在雄性-雌性回合对中,雄性的理毛收益高于雌性(T=−6.138,df=58,P<0.01),但不同等级雌性对雄性的理毛收益无差异(Z=−1.543,P=0.12);在高等级雌性-低等级雌性回合对中,高等级雌性的理毛收益高于低等级雌性(T=−3.467,df=36,P<0.01)。因此,重层社会下滇金丝猴OMU内雄性理毛收益高于雌性,且相同成年雌性数量OMU间主雄的理毛收益没差异;高等级雌性理毛收益高于低等级雌性,这表明滇金丝猴个体理毛收益受社会角色(主雄)和等级的影响。

Grooming behavior is the main way for non-human primates to maintain social relations.The income of grooming can reflect the role and social ranks of individuals in the group.In order to understand the impact of individual social roles and grades on grooming income of Rhinopithecus bieti within in one male multi-female units(OMU),during July-August 2018 and February-August 2019,the data of grooming behavior and aggressive-yielding behavior of R.bieti group in Baima Snow Mountain National Nature Reserve were collected,and the grooming income and influencing factors of males and females were analyzed.The results showed that 32.3%of adult individuals in the breeding unit of R.bieti were rewarded with grooming rounds,and the average grooming time was 302±255 s(n=96).There was no difference in grooming income of dominant males among the breeding units with the same number of females(Z=4.59,P=0.20).In the male female bout pairs,the grooming income of male was higher than those of female(T=-6.138,df=58,P<0.01),but there was no difference in grooming income between difference grades female as they groomed male(Z=-1.54,P=0.12).The grooming income of high grade female was higher than low grade female grooming income(T=-3.467,df=36,P<0.01)within OMU.Therefore,the grooming income of dominant males in OMU of R.bieti was higher than that of females in the multi-level society,and there was no difference in grooming income in OMU of the male grooming income with the same number of adult females.The grooming income of high grade females was higher than that of low grade females,which indicated that the grooming income of R.bieti was influenced by social roles(dominant male)and grades within OMU.