个体化健康教育管理在社区老年2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果分析

Analysis of the Effectiveness of Individualized Health Education Management in Community-based Elderly Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

目的:分析个体化健康教育管理在社区老年2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果。方法:选取2019年1月—2021年10月在上饶市信州区第二人民医院建档的93例社区2型糖尿病患者作为研究对象,根据护理方式不同分为对照组41例与观察组52例。对照组采用常规健康教育,观察组采用个体化健康教育管理。对比两组患者干预后3个月自我管理行为改善情况、血糖指标[空腹血糖(FBG)、糖化血红蛋白(HbA1c)、餐后2 h血糖(2 hPBG)]、血脂指标[低密度脂蛋白-胆固醇(LDL-C)、甘油三酯(TG)、总胆固醇(TC)]。结果:干预后,两组患者自我管理行为6个项目评分均明显上升,观察组饮食、运动、血糖监测、用药、足部护理、吸烟评分均高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=11.041、37.636、80.155、25.257、168.194、8.686,P<0.05);血糖指标均明显降低,观察组FBG、HbA1c、2 hPBG均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=13.028、7.243、5.329,P<0.05);血脂指标均明显降低,观察组LDL-C、TG、TC均低于对照组,差异有统计学意义(t=4.015、3.643、2.825,P<0.05)。结论:个体化健康教育管理在社区老年2型糖尿病患者中的应用效果好,可提高患者自我管理能力,降低并发症发生率。

Objective:To analyze the effectiveness of individualized health education management in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in the community.Methods:93 patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus from January 2019 to October 2021 established in hospitals were selected as the study subjects and divided into 41 cases in the control group and 52 cases in the observation group according to the different care modalities.The control group used conventional health education,and the observation group used individualized health education management.The improvement of self-management behaviors,blood glucose indexes(fasting blood glucose[FBG],glycated hemoglobin[HbA1c],2 h postprandial blood glucose[2 hPBG]),and lipid indexes(low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol[LDL-C],triglycerides[TG],and total cholesterol[TC])at 3 months after the intervention were compared between the two groups.Results:After the intervention,the scores of six items of self-management behaviors increased significantly in both groups,and the scores of diet,exercise,blood glucose monitoring,medication,foot care,and smoking were higher in the observation group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=11.041,37.636,80.155,25.257,168.194,8.686,P<0.05).After the intervention,all blood glucose indexes were significantly reduced,and FBG,HbA1c,and 2 hPBG were lower in the observation group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=13.028,7.243,5.329,P<0.05).After the intervention,all lipid indexes were significantly reduced,and LDL-C,TG and TC were lower in the observation group than in the control group,with statistically significant differences(t=4.015,3.643,2.825,P<0.05).Conclusion:The application of individualized health education management in elderly patients with type 2 diabetes in the community is effective and can improve patients’self-management ability and reduce complications.