脓毒症与中性粒细胞功能

Sepsis and neutrophil function

脓毒症是宿主对感染反应失调引起的危及生命的器官功能障碍。中性粒细胞是含量最丰富的白细胞,是宿主抵抗入侵病原体的第一道防线,在趋化因子的作用下被募集到感染部位,通过吞噬、脱颗粒、活性氧和细胞因子的产生、中性粒细胞胞外陷阱形成等消灭病原体。炎症状态下中性粒细胞过度激活可诱发不必要的组织损伤和器官功能障碍。在脓毒症期间中性粒细胞功能有不同程度受损,所以评估脓毒症如何影响中性粒细胞功能的病理生理有助于发现治疗脓毒症的新策略。

Sepsis is a series of life-threatening organ disorders caused by dysregulated host responses to infections.Neutrophils are the most abundant type of white blood cells,which are the first line of defense of the host against invaded pathogens.Under the action of chemokines,neutrophils are recruited to the site of infection to eradicate the pathogens through phagocytosis,degranulation,production of reactive oxygen species(ROS)and cytokines,and formation of neutrophil extracellular traps(NETs).Overactivation of neutrophils under the inflammatory state may induce unnecessary tissue damage and organ dysfunction.Neutrophil function is impaired to varying degrees during sepsis,so assessing the pathophysiology that how sepsis affects neutrophil function help to identify new strategies for sepsis treatment.