初花期冷害对绿豆叶片生理的损伤及烯效唑的缓解效应

Damage of Physiology to Mung Bean Leaves under Chilling Stress at Initial Flowering Stage and Mitigation Effect of Uniconazole

为探究初花期冷害及预喷施烯效唑(S3307)对绿豆(Vignaradiata)叶片生理代谢和产量的影响,以‘绿丰5号’和‘绿丰2号’为材料,盆栽条件下,初花期预喷施S3307,同时连续低温(平均15℃)处理5d并每天取样,对绿豆叶片活性氧类物质积累(reactive oxygen species,ROS)、保护酶活性变化、渗透调节物质含量和产量进行分析。结果表明,初花期冷害引起绿豆叶片过氧化氢(H_(2)O_(2))含量显著增加、超氧阴离子(O_(2)^(-·))产生速率显著增加,超氧化物歧化酶(superoxide dismutase,SOD)、过氧化物酶(peroxidase,POD)和过氧化氢酶(catalase,CAT)活性显著提高,可溶性糖和脯氨酸含量不同时期都有所增加,低温处理1~5d导致‘绿丰5号’单盆产量显著下降11.58%~46.27%,‘绿丰2号’显著下降12.74%~44.75%。S3307具有抵御初花期冷害的作用,低温条件下,预喷施S3307能有效增加绿豆叶片可溶性糖含量,显著降低H_(2)O_(2)含量和O_(2)^(-·)产生速率,能够显著提高SOD、POD和CAT活性并降低SOD/POD。喷施S3307具有提高绿豆产量的调控效应,正常温度条件下,‘绿丰5号’和‘绿丰2号’单盆产量分别显著提高5.67%和8.73%;冷害条件下,‘绿丰5号’处理1~5d时,单盆产量显著提高6.85%~9.28%,‘绿丰2号’处理1~5d时,单盆产量显著提高9.38%~16.01%。综上,初花期低温影响绿豆叶片活性氧物质积累、抗氧化酶活性、渗透调节等生理功能;预喷施S3307可有效缓解冷害对绿豆生理和产量的影响,该结论为绿豆抗低温生产提供理论依据和有效措施。

This pot experiment investigated the effect of chilling damage during the initial flowering stage and pre-spraying with uniconazole(S3307)on leaf physiological metabolism and yield of mung bean(Vigna radiata)using‘Lüfeng 5’(L5)and‘Lüfeng 2’(L2)were used as materials in this pot experiment.S3307 was pre-sprayed and treated with continuous low temperature(average 15℃)for 5 d,with samples taken daily to analyze the accumulation of reactive oxygen species(ROS),changes in protective enzyme activities,and yield and content of osmotic adjustment substances in mung bean leaves The results showed that the chilling damage at the initial flowering stage significantly increased the accumulation content of hydrogen peroxide(H_(2)O_(2))and the production rate of superoxide anion(O_(2)^(-·))in mung bean leaves,and the activities of superoxide dismutase(SOD),peroxidase(POD)and catalase(CAT)significantly increased.The yield per pot of L5 significantly decreased by 11.58%-46.27%,and the yield of L2 significantly decreased by 12.74%-44.75%.however,pre-spraing S3307 had the effect of resisting chilling damage at the initial flowering stage.Under low temperature conditions,pre-spraying S3307 effectively increased the soluble sugar content of mung bean leaves,significantly reduced the H_(2)O_(2) content and the rate of superoxide anion production,and significantly increased SOD,POD and CAT activities,while reducing SOD/POD.Spraying S3307 had the regulatory effect on increasing the yield of mung bean.Under normal temperature conditions,L5 and L2 in a single pot significantly increased by 5.67%and 8.73%,respectively.Under the conditions of chilling damage,the yield of single pot was significantly increased by 6.85%-9.28%when L5 was treated for 1-5 days,and the yield per pot significantly increased by 9.38%-16.01%when L2 treatment from 1 to 5 days.In conclusion,the low temperature during the initial flowering period can affect the physiological functions of mung bean leaves such as reactive oxygen species accumulation,antioxidant enzyme activity,and osmoregulation;pre-spraying S3307 can effectively alleviate the effects of chilling injury on mung bean physiology and yield.This study provides theoretical basis and effective measures for the production of mung bean resistance to low temperature production.