青海省冰川生态系统生态产品价值核算及价值实现路径研究

Research on Value Accounting and Value Realization Path of Glacial Ecosystem in Qinghai Province

冰川作为全球生态系统中特殊而重要的组成部分,对维持区域生态稳定和河流供水调节具有重要意义,其提供的生态产品价值数量巨大。文章基于2020年相关统计数据,从产品供给服务、调节服务和文化服务三方面,核算青海省冰川生态系统生态产品价值。结果表明:(1)2020年青海省冰川生态系统生态产品价值总量为8757.39亿元,其中调节服务价值为8712.59亿元,占99.49%;产品供给服务价值为44.50亿元,占0.51%;文化服务价值为0.30亿元,占0.003%。(2)从单个功能来看,青海省冰川生态系统气候调节价值量为8500.13亿元,占97.06%;水文调节价值量为212.46亿元,占2.43%;淡水资源价值量为40.46亿元,占0.46%。(3)青海省应积极探讨冰川生态安全补偿、发展高原冰雪经济,拓宽冰川生态系统生态产品价值实现路径。文章可以为青海省生态补偿标准制定、生态保护绩效评估、冰川资源保护和高质量发展提供参考依据。

As the special and important part of the global ecosystem,glaciers are of great significance for maintaining regional ecological stability and river water supply regulation,and the ecological products they provide are of great value.Based on the relevant statistics in 2020,this paper calculates the value of glacial ecosystem ecological products in Qinghai Province from three aspects:product supply services,regulation services and cultural services.The results showed that:(1)the total value of ecological products of glacial ecosystem in Qinghai Province in 2020 was 875.739 billion(CNY),of which the value of regulation services was 871.259 billion(CNY),accounting for 99.49%;The value of product supply and service was 4.450 billion(CNY),accounting for 0.51%;The value of cultural services was 30 million(CNY),accounting for 0.003%.(2)From the perspective of individual functions,the value of climate regulation of glacial ecosystem in Qinghai Province was 850.013 billion(CNY),accounting for 97.06%;The hydrological adjustment value was 21.246 billion(CNY),accounting for 2.43%;The value of freshwater resources was 4.046 billion(CNY),accounting for 0.46%.(3)Qinghai Province should actively explore glacier ecological security compensation,develop plateau ice and snow economy,and broaden the path for realizing the value of ecological products of glacier ecosystems.This paper can provide a reference for the formulation of ecological compensation standards,ecological protection performance evaluation,glacier resource protection and high-quality development in Qinghai Province.