在假设与生存的世界中穿梭——关于教育学“假设”与“生存”问题的再思考

Navigating through Hypothetical and Existential Worlds:Revisiting the Issue of "Assumptions"and"Survival"in Pedagogy

在教育学领域,存在着“假设的世界”和“生存的世界”两种世界,本质上体现了教育的理想与现实的二重性。二者虽然并非完全割裂,却也并不完全重叠。论证人“在假设的世界中生存”,强调“假设”对于“生存”的先在性、先导性意义,并不必然能够驳斥人“在生存的世界中假设”所强调的“生存”对于“假设”的本体性、支撑性地位,反之亦然。从人的日常判断、实践行动及研究活动三个维度来看,“假设”与“生存”各有其高度也各有其限度,正如“假设”不足以决定“生存”一样,“生存”同样不足以决定“假设”。我们能够确信的只是当我们“假设”时处于“假设的世界”,当我们“生存”时处于“生存的世界”。人作为教育的主体,能够而且必然在这两个世界之中穿梭。

In the field of pedagogy,there are two types of worlds,the"hypothetical world"and the"existential world",which essentially reflect the duality between the ideal and the realistic nature of education.While the two are not completely separate,they do not completely overlap either.Arguing that man survives in a"hypothetical world"and emphasizing the precedence of"hypothesis"to"survival"does not necessarily refute the ontological and supportive role of""survival"to"hypothesis"as emphasized by the hypothesis of man in a"world of survival",and vice versa.From the three dimensions of daily judgment,practical action and research activities,"hypothesis"and"survival"each have their own heights and limits.Just as"hypothesis"is not enough to determine"survival",and"survival"is also not enough to determine"hypothesis"All we can be sure of is that we are in a"hypothetical world""when we"assume"'and in a"world of existence"when we"survive".The human being,as the subject of education,can and must move between these two worlds.