中国体育运动学校制度体系:历史演进、现实审视与优化路径

Institutional System of Chinese Sports Schools:Historical Evolution,Realistic Examination and Optimization Paths

运用文献资料法、逻辑分析法等,梳理体育运动学校制度体系的历史演进脉络,将演进历程分为政府创建试点期、恢复发展机遇期、管理规范改革期、制度创新完善期4个阶段。研究认为:体育运动学校制度体系改革对深化体育强国建设,培养综合性竞技体育人才;推进健康中国建设,促进技能普及和体质健康;推动教育事业发展,构建高质量文化教育模式三方面具有重要价值。但当前体育运动学校制度体系存在内部管理制度滞后、多元参与制度缺失、基础保障制度不足以及评价激励制度模糊、学训衔接制度落后等问题。应规范内部管理制度,打造人才培养新模式;构建多元参与体系,开创人才治理新形式;强化资源整合政策,激发人才发展新活力;健全考核激励机制,推进人才考评新常态;完善体校学训制度,构建人才优育新格局。

By using the methods of literature review and logical analysis,this paper collates the historical evolution of the institutional system of Chinese sports schools,and divides the evolution into four stages:the experimental stage of government establishing,the opportunity stage of recovery and development,the reform stage of management and specification,and the stage of institutional innovation and perfection.It is considered that the institutional reform of sports schools is important for deepening the construction of a sports power and cultivating comprehensive competitive sports talents;promoting the construction of Healthy China and the popularization of skills and physical health;and promoting the development of education and building a high-quality cultural and educational mode.However,there are some practical problems in current sports school system,such as the lag of internal management system,the lack of multi-participation system,the deficiency of basic guarantee system,the vague evaluation and incentive system,and the backward system of learning and training.It suggests to regulate the internal management system and create a new mode of talent training;to construct a multi-participation system and make a new form of talent management;to strengthen the policy of resource integration and stimulate the new vitality of talent development;to improve the assessment and incentive mechanism and promote the new normal of talent assessment;and to improve the system of learning and training in sports schools and build a new pattern of talent cultivation.