我国冰雪运动政策参与主体结构关系研究——基于政策网络的分析

Study of Participants Structural Relationship of Ice and Snow Sports Policies in China:Based on Analysis of Policy Network

面对越来越复杂的冰雪运动发展问题,我国冰雪运动政策的运行已不能依靠单一主体完成,参与主体之间的结构关系直接影响政策运行的效果。为了全面了解我国冰雪运动政策参与主体的结构关系,本文从政策网络理论的视角,采用社会网络分析法、文献资料法、专家访谈法等绘制我国冰雪运动政策参与主体结构关系图谱,分析各个主体在网络中的结构位置、分布状态与权力范围。研究认为:我国冰雪运动政策参与主体多元,网络结构关系复杂多样;政策参与主体互动频率与影响力分化严重,网络结构关系松散;行政部门呈现“块块分割”现象,网络结构关系僵硬。建议从完善核心主体政策参与过程,构建我国冰雪运动政策运行的多元治理模式;核心主体积极带动边缘主体参与政策运行,发挥冰雪运动协会的桥梁作用;加强政府部门内部联动建设,建立良好的条块协作关系等方面优化主体结构关系。

Faced with more and more complex development problems of ice and snow sports,the operation of ice and snow sports policies can not be completed all by one participant,and the structural relationship among participants directly affects the effects of policy operation.In order to make a comprehensive understanding of structural relationship of participants in ice and snow sports policies in China,from the perspective of policy network theory,this article makes the structural relationship map of participants in ice and snow sports policies in China,and analyzes the structural position,distribution state and power scope of each participant in networks by using the methods of social network analysis,literature review and expert interview.It suggests that the participants in China’s ice and snow sports policies are diverse and the structural rela-tionship in networks is complex;the interaction frequency and influence of participants are seriously differentiated,and the structural relationship in networks is loose;and there is a phenomenon of“fragmentation”in administrative departments and the structural relationship in networks is rigid.To optimize participants structural relationship,it suggests that the policy participating process of core participants should be completed,and a multi-governance model of policy operation of China’s ice and snow sports policies need to be constructed;the core participants should actively encourage marginal participants to participate in policy working,and the bridge role of ice and snow sports associations should be applied;and the internal linkage construction of government departments needs to be enhanced,and a good region cooperation relationship should be established.