海洋资料浮标姿态信息测量技术研究现状及发展趋势

STATUS QUO AND TREND OF RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT IN ATTITUDE MEASUREMENT TECHNOLOGY OF OCEAN DATA BUOY

海洋资料浮标在海洋环境监测、预警预报、防灾减灾、资源开发、海上交通、渔业生产、军事活动保障等方面具有重要作用,是海洋立体监测体系的重要组成部分。世界主要沿海国家和国际组织都极为重视海洋浮标技术的发展。海上观测过程中,浮标随风、浪、流等作用产生复杂运动。浮标复杂运动的精确观测离不开浮标姿态信息测量技术的发展。浮标姿态信息,不仅是浮标及其搭载设备工作安全性可靠性评价的重要参考,也是浮标测量数据实时精准校正的重要保障。因此,浮标姿态测量技术具有重要的研究价值和应用价值。文章从工程实际的技术需求出发,对浮标姿态信息测量技术的研究现状、技术难点以及发展趋势等方面进行了梳理和总结,以期对研发新一代智能浮标观测技术提供有益启发和借鉴。

Ocean data buoy plays an important role in marine environmental monitoring,early-warning and prediction,disaster prevention and mitigation,marine resource development,marine traffic,fishery production,and military support.It is also an important part of three-dimensional marine environment monitoring system.Both major coastal countries and international organizations pay great attention to the development of ocean data buoys.The motion of ocean data buoy is very complex under the influences of wind,wave,and ocean current.The precise observation of buoy movement is inseparable from the development of buoy attitude information measurement technology.Buoy’s attitude information is an important reference for the work safety and reliability evaluation of buoy and its carrying equipment,and also an important guarantee for the real-time and accurate calibration of buoy measurement data.Therefore,the buoy attitude measurement technology has an important value in the research and application.Therefore,the research status,technical difficulties,and development trend of the attitude measurement technology of ocean data buoy were reviewed and summarized from the technical requirements of ocean buoy to provide good enlightenment and reference for the development of new-generation intelligent observation buoys.