“忠孝”与“背叛”:吴三桂矛盾人格的心理传记学研究

"Loyalty"and"betrayal":A psychobiography of Wu Sangui's contradictory personality

吴三桂在历史上饱受争议,被贴有“反复无常”“不忠不孝”“冲冠一怒为红颜”等标签。与此同时,“冒死救父”“坚守宁远孤城”等事例中也表现出“忠孝”品质。站在时代更迭路口,吴三桂人格中呈现矛盾交织的特点,仅用“脸谱化”“简单化”的方式评判历史人物是不合理的。本研究通过勘查史料,以心理传记学视角还原吴三桂“忠孝”与“背叛”并存的人格样貌,并厘清其矛盾人格的具体表现及形成原因。

Wu Sangui has been controversial in history.He has been labeled as"capricious","unfaithful and unfilial"and"furious for a beauty"etc.At the same time,his loyalty and filial piety are also re-flected.For example,he was risking his life to save his father and was sticking to the isolated city of Ningyuan.At the crossroads of times,Wu Sangui's personality is characterized by intertwined contradic-tions.It is unreasonable to judge historical figures only by"facialization"and"simplification".Therefore,this paper starts with objective historical resources,restores Wu Sangui's real appearance from the per-spective of psychobiography and life narrative.Meanwhile,it explores the manifestations and causes of Wu Sangui's contradictory personality.