炼制高酸原油减一中循环泵腐蚀原因分析及应对措施

Corrosion Analysis and Countermeasures of Circulating Pump in No.1 Middle Section of Vacuum Tower

加工海洋高酸原油的某常减压生产装置减一中循环泵出现严重的腐蚀问题。检查了泵体腐蚀形貌,分析了腐蚀原因:加工原料酸值高;原油中酸促进氯化物、硫化物的分解,产生HCl、H_(2)S露点腐蚀;环烷酸引发原油乳化及采油助剂导致电脱盐效果变差;原料金属含量偏高、盐类等颗粒物的存在引发冲刷腐蚀;原油存储罐容不足导致采油过程中携带的聚合物无法脱除出系统;加工负荷变化大等因素是产生设备严重腐蚀的原因。通过材质升级、优化工艺操作、加注高温缓蚀剂、增加原油罐容等措施,取得良好的使用效果。

In an atmospheric and vacuum production unit for processing marine high-acid crude oil,there are serious corrosion problems occurred on the surface of the pump in the No.1 middle section.The corrosive morphology and failure reason of the pump is examined.The acid value of the processing raw materials is high.Acids in crude oil accelerate the decomposition of chlorides and sulfides,resulting in dew point corrosion of HCl and H2S.Naphthenic acid induces crude oil emulsification and oil production additives leads to poor electric desalting effect.The high content of metal and particles such as salts in raw materials can cause corrosion.The capaci-ty of the crude oil storage tank is insufficient,and the polymer in crude oil during the oil extrac-tion process cannot be removed.These factors mentioned above are the main reasons resulted in equipment corrosion.Some countermeasures such as materials upgrade,process optimization,addi-tion of high-temperature corrosion inhibitors,and increase of crude oil tank capacity have been applied to achieve good effects.