社区老年人医护康养一体化服务需求KANO属性及影响因素分析

Analysis of the demands for the integration of medical and elderly care services in communities based on Kano model attributes and its influencing factors

[目的]调查成都市社区老年人医护康养一体化服务需求属性及其影响因素。[方法]以改进KANO模型为理论基础,自行设计社区老年人医护康养一体化服务需求问卷,对成都市4个城区内606名社区老年人进行问卷调查。[结果]43项医护康养一体化服务划分出5项必备型需求(M)、20项期望型需求(O)、9项魅力型需求(A)和9项无差异型需求(I)。是否患慢性病、社会支持水平、医护康养一体化服务的认知程度及参与意愿是社区老年人服务需求的影响因素(P<0.05)。[结论]社区老年人对医护康养一体化服务具有“高期待,低依赖”的特点,老年人的服务需求受多种因素的影响。建议深入剖析其养老需求,精准服务于老年人。

Objective To research the demands attributes for the integration of medical and elderly care services in communities and its influencing factors in Chengdu city.Methods Based on the improved Kano model,a questionnaire of demands for the integration of medical and elderly care services in communities was designed to investigate 606 elderly people in four urban areas of Chengdu.Results The 43 integrated medical and elderly care services were divided into five essential needs(M),20 desired needs(O),nine attractive needs(A)and nine undifferentiated needs(I).The presence of chronic diseases,level of social support,awareness of the integration of medical and elderly care services,and participation willingness were influencing factors of the demands for elderly services in communities(P<0.05).Conclusions The elderly in the community have the characteristics of“high expectations and low dependence”on the integration of medical and elderly care services in communities.The demands for elderly services are affected by many factors.It is recommended that the needs of the elderly be analyzed in depth to provide precise services to them.