不同程度近视青少年黄斑区及视盘周围脉络膜毛细血管血流密度检测

VESSEL DENSITY OF CHOROIDAL CAPILLARIES IN MACULAR AREA AND OPTIC DISC IN ADOLESCENTS WITH DIFFE-RENT DEGREES OF MYOPIA

目的观察不同近视程度青少年黄斑区及视盘周围脉络膜毛细血管血流密度的变化,分析其与等效球镜度数(SER)、黄斑中心凹下脉络膜厚度(SFCT)、眼轴长度(AL)等的相关性。方法收集青少年150例共150只眼,根据SER分为正视组(-0.50 D<SER≤+0.75 D)、低度近视组(-3.00 D<SER≤-0.50 D)、中度近视组(-6.00 D<SER≤-3.00 D)、高度近视组(SER≤-6.00 D),用光学相干断层扫描血管成像技术获取黄斑区及视盘周围脉络膜毛细血管层图像。结果4组年龄、SER、AL、SFCT差异均有统计学意义(F=23.847~140.092,P<0.05);4组黄斑区与视盘周围脉络膜毛细血管血流密度差异均有显著性(F=60.627、34.450,P<0.05),其中正视组、低度近视组、中度近视组黄斑区及视盘周围脉络膜毛细血管血流密度均高于高度近视组,差异有统计学意义(P<0.05),低度近视组、中度近视组黄斑区及视盘周围脉络膜毛细血管血流密度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。相关性分析显示,黄斑区及视盘周围脉络膜毛细血管血流密度均与AL呈负相关(r=-0.490、-0.316,P<0.01),与SER、SFCT呈正相关(r=0.434~0.616,P<0.01)。结论随着近视屈光度的增加,青少年黄斑区及视盘周围脉络膜毛细血管血流密度均呈下降趋势,与AL、SFCT具有高度相关性。

Objective To investigate the change in vessel density of choroidal capillaries in the macular area and optic disc of adolescents with different degrees of myopia,as well as its correlation with spherical equivalent degree(SER),subfoveal choroidal thickness(SFCT),and axial length(AL).Methods A total of 150 adolescents(150 eyes)were collected,and according to SER,the adolescents were divided into emmetropia group(-0.50 D<SER≤+0.75 D),low myopia group(-3.00 D<SER≤-0.50 D),moderate myopia group(-6.00 D<SER≤-3.00 D),and high myopia group(SER≤-6.00 D).Optical coherence tomography angiography was used to obtain the images of the choriocapillaris layer in the macular area and optic disc.Results There were significant differences in age,SER,AL,and SFCT between the four groups(F=23.847-140.092,P<0.05).There was also a significant difference in the vessel density of choroid capillaries in the macular area and optic disc between the four groups(F=60.627,34.450,P<0.05),and the emmetropia group,the low myopia group,and the moderate myopia had a significantly higher vessel density than the high myopia group(P<0.05);there was no significant difference in vessel density between the low myopia group and the moderate myopia group(P>0.05).The correlation analysis showed that the vessel density of choroidal capillaries in the macular area and optic disc were negatively correlated with AL(r=-0.490,-0.316,P<0.01)and was positively correlated with SER and SFCT(r=0.434-0.616,P<0.01).Conclusion The vessel density of choroid capillaries in the macular area and optic disc decreases with the increase in the diopter of myopia in adolescents,and the reduction in vessel density is highly correlated with AL and SFCT.