昆明市工业源主要大气污染物排放特征及时空分析

Industrial Emission Characteristics and Time-Spatial Analysis of the Main Industrial Waste Gas Pollutants in Kunming

以昆明市辖区内“十三五”期间生态环境统计数据及调查资料为依据,分析昆明市工业源主要大气污染物的企业和行业排放特征,探讨研究昆明市工业源SO_(2)、NO_X和颗粒物的时间变化和空间分布特点。研究结果显示:(1)2019年昆明市排放工业废气的企业共涉及40个行业,以小型企业为主,分布比较分散,分布较多的地区在西南、东南区域。(2)SO_(2)排放前三行业依次为化学原料和化学制品制造业、有色金属冶炼和压延加工业、非金属矿物制品业,合计贡献率为81.77%;NO_X排放贡献较大为非金属矿物制品业、黑色金属冶炼和压延加工业、化学原料和化学制品制造业,合计贡献率73.97%;颗粒物排放量排放量较大行业为非金属矿物制品业,化学原料和化学制品制造业,石油、煤炭及其他燃料加工业,合计贡献率为63.13%。(3) SO_(2)和NO_X工业排放量呈下降趋势,分别下降46.71%、36.52%,颗粒物排放量呈波动上升趋势,上升20.10%。(4)工业SO_(2)排放较大地区分布在西南、东北区域,工业NO_X排放较大区域是西南区域,工业颗粒物排放量在西南、东北区域较高。

Based on the ecological environment statistics and survey data during the 13th Five-Year period of Kunming City,the industrial emission characteristics of the main exhaust pollutants were analyzed.The temporal variation and spatial distribution characteristics of SO_(2),NOx and particulate matter from industrial sources in Kunming were discussed and studied in order to provide basic data for air pollution control in Kunming City.The results showed that enterprises of the waste gas emission were mainly small and involved 40 industries.The spatial distribution of enterprises was scattered with more distribution in southwest and southeast regions in 2019.Chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry,non-ferrous metal smelting and rolling processing industry,non-metallic mineral products industry were the main industries of SO_(2) emission,with a total contribution rate of 81.77%.NOX emission contributed significantly to the non-metallic mineral products industry,ferrous metal smelting and calendering industry,chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry,with a total contribution of 73.97%.Non-metallic mineral products industry,chemical raw materials and chemical products manufacturing industry,petroleum,coal and other fuel processing industry were the major industries of particulate matter emission,with a total contribution rate of 63.13%.The industrial emissions of SO_(2) and NOx decreased by 46.71%and 36.52%respectively,and the emission of particulate matter fluctuated and increased by 20.1%.The southwest and northeast regions were the regions with large spatial distribution of industrial SO_(2) emission.The large spatial emission of NOX was in the southwest region.Industrial particulate emissions in the southwest and northeast area were higher.