设施栽培光照关联温度调控的潜在优势和理论基础

Potential advantages and theoretical basis of light associated temperature regulation in protected cultivation

我国是设施农业大国,设施生产为农业创造了巨大的生产力,但设施作物生产的光照和温度环境管理需要消耗大量的电能,限制了设施作物的周年生产。基于以上问题,本文综述了降低设施生产温度管理能耗的传统方法、光照强度和光质与温度联控的管理方法、潜在优势和研究基础,通过分析光受体在温度感知和响应中发挥的作用以及光温信号调节机制的相似性确定光温联控的理论基础,指出设施栽培需结合季节特点调控光照,光质与温度关联调控可降低控温能耗并保证植物的优势生长。同时,本文也总结了光照对植物抗寒和耐热能力的改善作用和分子水平的调控机制,指出通过光介入温度管理是解决设施生产高低温胁迫及设施生产高能耗问题的潜在出口,并提出实施光介入温度管理需要解决的2个关键问题和开展应用研究的方向,以期从光温信号交互的角度为设施生产提供一种降低环境管理能耗的合理途径。

Protected production has created a great profit in China which is a large country of protected agriculture.However,energy consumption caused by regulation on light and temperature environments in the facilities is huge for crop cultivation,which limits the annual crop productions in the facilities.And thus we hope to propose a reasonable way,from the perspective of the interaction between light and temperature,to reduce energy consumption of environmental management for protected production.The paper summarized the traditional methods to reduce energy consumption of temperature regulation in protected production,the methods,potential advantages and research basis of light intensity and quality combined with temperature to control.And the theoretical basis of light and temperature needed for joint control were deduced via analyzing photoreceptor roles in temperature perception and response and the similarity between light and temperature in regulatory mechanisms and common hubs in signal pathways.Meanwhile,to ensure better growth and low consumption in facility cultivation,the optimizing regulatory strategies of light intensity/light quality combined with temperature that were put forward with the consideration of seasonal traits.Moreover,the improvement and its responsive mechanisms of crop cold resistance and heat adaptation mediated by light at molecular level were summarized.And thus the paper concluded that interactive regulation of light and temperature was a potential outlet to solve the issues of high energy consumption and high/low temperature stress in protected production and put forward that two key problems need to be solved for this purpose,and the future research directions in the aspects for application in protected production were also proposed.