中小学体育课后服务有效开展的影响因素及作用机理

Influencing Factors and Mechanism of Effective Development of After-school Sports Service in Primary and Secondary Schools

采用半结构化深度访谈和扎根理论方法提炼中小学体育课后服务的相关因素,运用解释结构模型剖析各因素对中小学体育课后服务有效开展的影响程度及作用机理。结果表明:利益相关者、社会环境、直接条件、课程服务4个主范畴是关键影响因素。其中,社会环境、直接条件以及家长需求直接影响体育课后服务的有效开展,对教师与学生需求的深层因素具有推动和保障作用。服务管理规章、制度、服务内容、服务形式及服务方法等因素的改进及优化对服务有效开展产生正向影响。研究认为,营造中小学体育课后服务的开展氛围,拓宽中小学体育课后服务的外部支持,优化中小学体育课后服务课程建设,“以人为本”丰富体育课后服务内容质量,健全中小学体育课后服务质量评价与监管机制,是促进中小学体育课后服务开展的有效策略。

The comprehensive implementation of the“double reduction policy”which aims to ease the burden of excessive homework and off-campus tutoring for the youngsters has provided policy support for the development of after-school sports services in primary and secondary schools in China.Integrating sports into after-school services not only helps to enrich the content of after-school services,but also helps to improve the physical and mental health of the youngsters.In this study,semi-structured in-depth interviews and Grounded theory were adopted to extract the relevant factors influencing the after-school sports services in primary and secondary schools.The results indicated that stakeholders,social environment,direct conditions,and curriculum services were key influencing factors.Among them,the social environment,direct conditions,and parental needs directly affected the effective development of after-school sports services,and had a promoting and safeguarding effect on the deep-seated factors of the teachers and the students'needs.Secondly,the improvement and optimization of factors such as service management regulations,systems,service content,service forms,and service methods had a positive impact on service delivery.The research suggested that creating good atmosphere,expanding external support,optimizing the relative courses,enriching the quality of activities centering around the youngsters,improving the evaluation and supervision mechanism were effective ways.