基于青贮玉米秸秆的固态厌氧发酵机理分析

Mechanism Analysis of Solid-state Anaerobic Fermentation Based on Silage Corn Straw

当前,厌氧发酵技术广泛应用于废水废渣的处理,可以实现废物的资源化利用,改善自然环境和人居环境,对促进我国碳达峰碳中和意义重大。固态厌氧发酵技术是厌氧发酵技术重要的组成部分,其特点是具有较高的负荷能力和较大的处理能力,但体系本身的性质差异、固液相间的传质性能及发酵工艺条件等都对发酵结果有较大影响,加之对其中降解机制和微生物代谢过程认识不足,很大程度上限制了此技术的实际应用。本文以青贮玉米秸秆为原料,对其进行简单预处理后选取一组典型发酵工艺条件,通过分析几种动力学参数以及微生物群落等特性来分析体系变化,可以从宏观、微观层面深化对固态厌氧发酵过程的认识,并对其进一步应用与工艺优化提出建议和展望。

Currently,anaerobic fermentation technology is widely used in the treatment of wastewater and waste residue,which can achieve the resource utilization of waste,improve the natural environment and living environment,and is of great significance for promoting carbon peak and carbon neutrality in China.Solid-state anaerobic fermentation technology is an important component of anaerobic fermentation technology,characterized by high load capacity and large processing capacity.However,the differences in system properties,mass transfer performance between solid and liquid phases,and fermentation process conditions have a significant impact on fermentation results.In addition,there is a lack of understanding of degradation mechanisms and microbiological metabolism processes,which greatly limits the practical application of this technology.This paper uses silage corn straw as raw material,and after simple pre-treatment,selects a set of typical fermentation process conditions.By analyzing several kinetic parameters and microbiological community characteristics to analyze system changes,we can deepen our understanding of the solid-state anaerobic fermentation process from macro and micro levels,and provide suggestions and prospects for its further application and process optimization.