摘要
The participation of women science,technology,engineering and mathematics(STEM)and energy fields is essential in advancing knowl-edge,securing economic growth,promoting prosperity and contribut-ing to the well-being of societies.Although the number of women in-volved in STEM fields has recently witnessed an increase in compar-ison to their natural counterparts,the“leaky pipeline”metaphor still applies.A greater number of women“leak out”and leave the educa-tional and professional pipelines at every stage of their lives,transition-ing from school to university to their careers,than men[1].The epitome of gender differences in the fields of STEM and energy industry can be captured by the disparities in representation of women in publications,salaries,senior rankings,annual productivity and resources allocation[2].
