论中国古代“持平守正”的司法理念——以《折狱龟鉴》为切入点

On Traditional Judicial Idea of"Being Fair and Upright"in Ancient China:According to Compilation of Typical Criminal Cases from The Song Dynasty

公平和正义是人类永恒的价值追求。公正司法是维护社会公平正义的最后一道防线,有赖于司法官群体的付出和努力。在传统优秀法律文化中,“持平守正”的司法理念映衬着中华民族独特的法治精神标识。从中国古代决狱名著《折狱龟鉴》里,我们解读出“不曲笔以纵有罪,不毁法以陷无辜”的法律至上理念;“至诚勤恤、折狱求正”的尽心竭力服务于公众的奉献意识;“矜谨折狱、不枉不纵”的严明审慎的断案理念;“执法原情、教化感召”的法理情有机统一思想,等等。理念是行动的先导,中国古代传统的“持平守正”的司法理念也贯穿于当今的立法、司法、行政执法以及法治教育等方方面面。

Fairness and justice are the eternal pursuit of human values.Fair justice is the last line of defense to maintain social fairness and justice,which depends on the efforts of the judicial officers.In the traditional excellent legal culture,the judicial concept of“being fair and upright”reflects the unique spirit of rule of law of the Chinese nation.From the ancient Chinese classic“ZHEYUGUIJIAN”,we interpret the concept of law supremacy:“Do not write unfairly to judge crimes,do not destroy the law to trap the innocent”;The sense of dedication to“serve the public with all one's heart and soul”;The strict and prudent concept of judging a case with“prudent imprisonment”;the organic unity of the legal principle and feeling of“the original feeling of law enforcement and enlightenment”,and so on.The idea is the guidance of action.The traditional judicial idea of“being fair and upright”in ancient China also goes through today's legislation,judicature,administrative law enforcement,rule of law education and other aspects.