2015-2022年蚌埠市某综合医院儿科门诊常见疾病谱变化分析

Changes of spectrum common diseases in pediatric outpatient department of a general hospital in Bengbu from 2015 to 2022

目的统计和分析医院儿科门诊就诊患儿的常见疾病种类,为今后儿科医疗和儿童预防保健工作提供科学依据.方法收集蚌埠市第一人民医院2015年1月1日-2022年12月31日儿科门诊就诊的0~6岁患儿信息,对八年来患儿的数量、年龄、来源地和疾病种类构成等重要数据进行统计分析.结果2015-2022年就诊总例数共计419717例,2019-2022年平均就诊例数相比2015-2018年大幅下降了48.66%,其中呼吸系统疾病患儿下降了53.60%,占比下降7.60%;消化系统疾病例数下降26.91%,占比升高7.5%;内分泌系统疾病例数大幅提升了9.5倍,占比升高0.11%;近四年传染病患病数量大幅减少至前四年的55.80%,其中发病数量前三的手足口病、流行性感冒和其他感染性腹泻病分别下降59.30%、17.50%和4.90%;就诊患儿的年龄结构在近年来也发生了显著的变化,平均年龄增加了0.78岁.结论2015-2022年儿童就诊疾病的病种结构发生了明显的变化,其中呼吸系统疾病的发病率降低最为明显,对于其他部分疾病需要更加重视.

OBJECTIVE To statistically analyze the prevalence of common diseases among the children in pediatric outpatient department so as to provide scientific bases for medical treatment and health care in the pediatric department.METHODS The information was collected from the children aged between O and 6 years old who were treated in the pediatric outpatient department of Bengbu First People's Hospital from Jan 1,2015 to Dec 31,2022.The major data such as number of cases,age,places of origin and types of diseases were statistically analyzed.RESULTS The total number of cases was 419717 from 2015 to 2022.As compared with the average number of cases in 2015-2018,it was remarkably decreased by 48.66%in 2019-2022,the number of cases of children with respiratory system diseases was decreased by 53.60%,with the proportion dropped by 7.60%;the number of cases of children with digestive system diseases dropped by 26.91%,with the proportion increased by 7.5%;the number of cases of children with endocrine system diseases was significantly increased by 9.5 times,with the proportion increased by O.ll%.The number of cases of children with infectious diseases was remarkably decreased in the recent 4 years by the percent as 55.08%of 4 years earlier;the top 3 diseases,hand,foot and mouth disease,influenza and other infectious diarrhea,were decreased by 59.30%,17.50%and 4.90%,respectively.The age structure of the children showed a remarkably change in recent years,with the increase of average age by 0.78 year.CONCLUSION The types of diseases has remarkably changes among the children from 2015 to 2022,the incidence of respiratory system diseases is reduced most remarkably,and great attention should be paid to other types of diseases.